प्रश्न यूपीएससी के हिंदी प्रश्नपत्र से · व्याख्या अभी अंग्रेज़ी में

International relations & current affairs

Prelims · International relations & current affairs · 73 questions

International organisations & groupings

Every UPSC Prelims question on this topic, 2016–2026, newest first. Tap an option to check yourself; the answer and explanation open below it.

Asked in 11 of 11 years · most in 2016 (10)

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UPSC syllabus: “Current events of national and international importance.” Sub-topics in the detailed syllabus →

Prelims 2026 · Q38

X-Ray · Core #5 Easy Provisional key

फ्रांस में जून, 2025 में आयोजित संयुक्त राष्ट्र महासागर सम्मेलन (UNOC) में संयुक्त राष्ट्र के खाद्य और कृषि संगठन (FAO) ने समुद्री और महासागरीय मुद्दों, विशेष रूप से समुत्थानशील आजीविका और ‘‘ब्लू ट्रांसफॉर्मेशन’’ हेतु संधारणीय मत्स्यपालन और जलकृषि पर सशक्त विचार व्यक्त किए।

खाद्य और कृषि संगठन (FAO) द्वारा ‘‘ब्लू ट्रांसफॉर्मेशन’’ के लिए प्रस्तावित ‘‘बेहतर चार (Four Betters)’’ के बारे में निम्नलिखित संयोजनों में से कौन-सा सही है ?

Read this question in English

At the United Nations Ocean Conference (UNOC) held in June, 2025 in France, the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations demonstrated its leading voice on marine and ocean issues, especially on sustainable fisheries and aquaculture for resilient livelihood and “Blue Transformation”.

Which of the following combinations about the “Four Betters” proposed by FAO for “Blue Transformation” is correct?

(a) Better production, better nutrition, better environment and better ocean · (b) Better production, better nutrition, better environment and better life · (c) Better coral reefs, better nutrition, better environment and better life · (d) Better estuaries, better nutrition, better environment and better mangrove vegetation

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (b) बेहतर उत्पादन, बेहतर पोषण, बेहतर पर्यावरण और बेहतर जीवन

FAO's Blue Transformation Roadmap is built around the 'four betters': better production, better nutrition, a better environment and a better life. Option (b) is the only one that lists all four correctly.

✗ (a) 'Better ocean' is not one of the four betters; the fourth is a better life.
✓ (b) Better production, better nutrition, a better environment and a better life are the four betters that FAO links to the Blue Transformation Roadmap.
✗ (c) 'Better coral reefs' replaces better production, which is the first of the four betters.
✗ (d) Better estuaries and better mangrove vegetation are not among the four betters, which are about production, nutrition, environment and life.

Remember · FAO's Blue Transformation Roadmap: the four betters are better production, better nutrition, a better environment and a better life.

Sources

FAO: The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024 ↗ “improve the contribution of aquatic foods to healthy diets and to the four betters (better production, better nutrition, a better environment and a better life) through the Blue Transformation Roadmap.”

Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper I (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

Prelims 2026 · Q69

X-Ray · Core #5 Hard Provisional key

बहुपक्षीय सहयोग मंचों के बारे में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

1.‘कोलंबो प्रक्रिया’ (‘Colombo Process’) एक क्षेत्रीय परामर्शदात्री प्रक्रिया है, जिसमें सदस्य देश सर्वसम्मति से बाध्यकारी निर्णय लेते हैं।
2.‘अबू धाबी संवाद (डायलॉग)’ संविदा श्रमिकों के आवागमन पर क्षेत्रीय सहयोग को सुकर बनाने के लिए श्रमिकों के मूल-स्थान और गंतव्य-स्थान से जुड़े एशियाई देशों के मध्य एक स्वैच्छिक ग़ैर-बाध्यकारी परामर्शदात्री प्रक्रिया है।
3.एक पूर्व संयुक्त राष्ट्र महासचिव के प्रस्ताव के अनुसार सृजित ‘प्रवासन और विकास के लिए वैश्विक मंच’ (Global Forum for Migration and Development), एक स्वैच्छिक मंच है, जिसके निर्णय बाध्यकारी स्वरूप के नहीं हैं।

उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन-सा/कौन-से सही है/हैं ?

Read this question in English

Consider the following statements about platforms for multilateral co-operation:

1. The ‘Colombo Process’ is a regional consultative process in which member states take binding decisions by consensus.

2. The ‘Abu Dhabi Dialogue’ is a voluntary non-binding consultative process among Asian countries of labour origin and destination to facilitate regional cooperation on contractual labour mobility.

3. The ‘Global Forum for Migration and Development’, created upon the proposal of a former UN Secretary General, is a voluntary forum whose decisions are non-binding in nature.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1, 2 and 3 · (b) 1 and 3 only · (c) 2 and 3 only · (d) 2 only

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (c) केवल 2 और 3

The Colombo Process is a regional consultative process that gives a non-binding, informal setting, so it takes no binding decisions. The Abu Dhabi Dialogue is a voluntary, non-binding consultative process between Asian labour-origin and destination countries. The Global Forum on Migration and Development grew out of Kofi Annan's 2006 proposal for a government-led forum that would produce no negotiated outcomes.

✗ 1. The Colombo Process describes itself as offering a non-binding and informal environment for dialogue on labour migration, so its members do not take binding decisions.
✓ 2. The Abu Dhabi Dialogue, set up in 2008, is described as a voluntary and non-binding inter-government consultative process between Asian countries of labour origin and destination.
✓ 3. Then UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan proposed the forum in June 2006 as a government-led consultative body that would not produce negotiated outcomes or recommendations, so its results are non-binding.

Remember · Colombo Process: non-binding regional consultative process (Asian labour-sending states). Abu Dhabi Dialogue: voluntary, non-binding, links Asian labour-origin and destination countries. GFMD: Kofi Annan's 2006 idea, state-led, non-binding.

Sources

Colombo Process Secretariat, CP Meetings ↗ · reference work “The Colombo Process, following the principles of a Regional Consultative Process, provides Member States and organizations with a non-binding and informal environment to engage in dialogues and cooperation on issues related to labour migration that are of common interest and concern.”
Abu Dhabi Dialogue, About Abu Dhabi Dialogue (origin and membership) ↗ · reference work “The Abu Dhabi Dialogue (ADD) was established in 2008 as a forum for dialogue and cooperation between Asian countries of labour origin and destination. … The Abu Dhabi Dialogue is a voluntary and non-binding inter-government consultative process, engaging twelve Member States of the Colombo Process (CP)”
Global Forum on Migration and Development (GFMD), The GFMD Process (Internet Archive copy of gfmd.org) ↗ · reference work “the GFMD is a voluntary, informal, non-binding and government-led process open to all States Members and Observers of the United Nations”
UN News, Annan proposes global forum examining link between migration and development (6 June 2006) ↗ “Mr. Annan stressed that his proposal for a government-led consultative forum on migration and development would not produce negotiated outcomes or recommendations,”

Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper I (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 1 Oct 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

Prelims 2026 · Q70

X-Ray · Core #5 Medium Provisional key

निम्नलिखित संयुक्त राष्ट्र संगठनों/एजेंसियों पर विचार कीजिए :

1.विश्व खाद्य कार्यक्रम (वर्ल्ड फ़ूड प्रोग्राम)
2.संयुक्त राष्ट्र बाल कोष (यूनाइटेड नेशन्स चिल्ड्रन्स फंड)
3.शरणार्थियों के लिए संयुक्त राष्ट्र उच्चायुक्त (यूनाइटेड नेशन्स हाई कमीशनर फॉर रिफ्यूजीज़)
4.अंतर्राष्ट्रीय श्रम संगठन (इंटरनेशनल लेबर ऑर्गेनाइज़ेशन)

उपर्युक्त में से कितनों को दो बार नोबेल पुरस्कार प्रदान किया गया है ?

Read this question in English

Consider the following UN organisations/ agencies:

1. World Food Programme

2. United Nations Children’s Fund

3. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

4. International Labour Organisation

How many of the above has/have been awarded the Nobel Prize twice?

(a) 1 · (b) 2 · (c) 3 · (d) 4

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (a) 1

Only the UN refugee agency, UNHCR, has won the Nobel Peace Prize twice, in 1954 and 1981. The other three UN bodies each won it once: the ILO in 1969, UNICEF in 1965 and the World Food Programme in 2020.

✗ 1. The World Food Programme received the Nobel Peace Prize once, in 2020, for its work against hunger and for peace in conflict-affected areas.
✗ 2. UNICEF won the Peace Prize once, in 1965.
✓ 3. UNHCR was honoured in 1954 and again in 1981. Apart from the Red Cross (three times), no other organisation has won the Peace Prize more than once.
✗ 4. The International Labour Organization won the Peace Prize once, in 1969, for creating international legislation on working conditions.

Remember · UNHCR: Nobel Peace Prize twice (1954, 1981). ILO 1969, UNICEF 1965, WFP 2020 each won once. The International Committee of the Red Cross has won three times.

Sources

NobelPrize.org, Nobel Prize awarded organisations ↗ “UNHCR, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, has received the Nobel Peace Prize twice, in 1954 and 1981, and the work of Comité international de la Croix Rouge (International Committee of the Red Cross) (ICRC) has been honoured three times”

Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper I (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

Prelims 2026 · Q71

X-Ray · Core #5 Medium Provisional key

सूची I को सूची II से सुमेलित कीजिए और सूचियों के नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर उत्तर चुनिए :

	सूची I (संयुक्त राष्ट्र शांति-स्थापना अभियान)	सूची II (अभियान की अवधि)
A.	यू एन एम आई एल (UNMIL)	1. 2007 – 2010
B.	एम आई एन यू आर सी ए टी (MINURCAT)	2. 2002 – 2005
C.	एम आई एन यू एस टी ए एच (MINUSTAH)	3. 2003 – 2018
D.	यू एन एम आई एस ई टी (UNMISET)	4. 2004 – 2017

Read this question in English

Match List I with List II and select the answer using the code given below the Lists:

A. UNMIL — 1. 2007 – 2010

B. MINURCAT — 2. 2002 – 2005

C. MINUSTAH — 3. 2003 – 2018

D. UNMISET — 4. 2004 – 2017

(a) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2 · (b) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2 · (c) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3 · (d) A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (b) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

UNMIL in Liberia ran from 2003 to 2018 and MINUSTAH in Haiti from 2004 to 2017. MINURCAT in the Central African Republic and Chad ran from 2007 to 2010, and UNMISET in East Timor from 2002 to 2005. That gives A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.

✓ A UNMIL (Liberia) was set up in 2003 and completed its mandate on 30 March 2018, so it pairs with 2003–2018 (3).
✓ B MINURCAT (Central African Republic and Chad) began under Security Council Resolution 1778 of 2007 and its mandate ended on 31 December 2010, so it pairs with 2007–2010 (1).
✓ C MINUSTAH (Haiti) was established on 1 June 2004 and completed its mission on 15 October 2017, so it pairs with 2004–2017 (4).
✓ D UNMISET (East Timor) ran from May 2002 to May 2005, so it pairs with 2002–2005 (2).

Remember · Liberia UNMIL 2003–18; Haiti MINUSTAH 2004–17; Chad and CAR MINURCAT 2007–10; East Timor UNMISET 2002–05. Fixing two pairs usually settles the code.

Sources

United Nations Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) website ↗ · reference work “The United Nations Mission in Liberia was established in October 2003 to support for the implementation of a ceasefire agreement and peace process, and to assist with the maintenance and restoration of law and order throughout Liberia. The mission successfully completed its mandate on 30 March 2018.”
United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) website ↗ · reference work “MINUSTAH was established on 1 June 2004 by Security Council Resolution 1542 to assist with the restoration and maintenance of the rule of law, protect civilians and support transition to a secure and stable environment.”
United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) website ↗ · reference work “The United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) mandate ended on 31 December 2010 following UN Security Council Resolution 1923, with Chad assuming responsibility for civilian protection and UN agencies continuing peacebuilding efforts.”
UN Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste, Timeline of UN missions in Timor-Leste ↗ · reference work “UNMISET United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor May 2002–May 2005 UN Security Council establishes the United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor to support the newly independent nation.”

Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper I (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

Prelims 2026 · Q72

X-Ray · Core #53 Medium Provisional key

	सूची I (बिम्सटेक केंद्र/स्थापना)	सूची II (स्थान)
A.	बिम्सटेक सांस्कृतिक उद्योग प्रेक्षण-शाला (ऑब्जर्वेटरी)	1. नोएडा (NOIDA)
B.	बिम्सटेक ऊर्जा केंद्र	2. बेंगलुरु
C.	मौसम और जलवायु के लिए बिम्सटेक केंद्र	3. कोलंबो
D.	बिम्सटेक प्रौद्योगिकी हस्तांतरण केंद्र	4. थिम्पू

Read this question in English

Match List I with List II and select the answer using the code given below the Lists:

A. BIMSTEC Cultural Industries Observatory — 1. NOIDA

B. BIMSTEC Energy Centre — 2. Bengaluru

C. BIMSTEC Centre for Weather and Climate — 3. Colombo

D. BIMSTEC Technology Transfer Facility — 4. Thimphu

(a) A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4 · (b) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4 · (c) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3 · (d) A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (c) A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3

The BIMSTEC Cultural Industries Observatory is to be in Thimphu, the Energy Centre in Bengaluru, the Centre for Weather and Climate in Noida and the Technology Transfer Facility in Colombo. That gives A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3.

✓ A The Cultural Industries Observatory is to be established in Thimphu, Bhutan (4).
✓ B The Energy Centre is housed at the Central Power Research Institute, Bengaluru (2).
✓ C The Centre for Weather and Climate is located at the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting, Noida (1).
✓ D The Technology Transfer Facility is to be established in Colombo, Sri Lanka (3).

Remember · BIMSTEC centres: Energy (Bengaluru), Weather and Climate (Noida), Cultural Industries Observatory (Thimphu), Technology Transfer Facility (Colombo).

Sources

BIMSTEC Secretariat, BIMSTEC Centre for Weather and Climate ↗ · reference work “The Memorandum of Association (MoA) on the establishment of the BIMSTEC Centre on Weather and Climate (BCWC) was signed on 04 March 2014 during the Third BIMSTEC Summit in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, and the Centre is located in the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.”
BIMSTEC Secretariat, BIMSTEC Energy Centre ↗ · reference work “The Centre is to be housed in the premises of the Central Power Research Institute in Bengaluru, India”
BIMSTEC Secretariat, BIMSTEC Cultural Industries Observatory ↗ · reference work “BIMSTEC Cultural Industries Observatory To be established in Thimphu, Bhutan The First BIMSTEC Ministerial Meeting on Culture was held in Paro, Bhutan on 23-25 May 2006.”
BIMSTEC Secretariat, BIMSTEC Technology Transfer Facility ↗ · reference work “BIMSTEC Technology Transfer Facility To be established in Colombo, Sri Lanka The Memorandum of Association (MoA) on the Establishment of BIMSTEC Technology Transfer Facility was signed on 30 March 2022 during the Fifth BIMSTEC Summit.”

Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper I (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

Prelims 2026 · Q75

X-Ray · Core #12 Easy Provisional key

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-से देश यूरोपीय संघ के सदस्य हैं ?

1.बेलारूस
2.पोलैंड
3.जर्मनी
4.स्विट्ज़रलैंड

नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर उत्तर चुनिए :

Read this question in English

Which of the following countries are members of the European Union?

1. Belarus

2. Poland

3. Germany

4. Switzerland

Select the answer using the code given below:

(a) 1, 2 and 4 · (b) 1 and 4 only · (c) 2 and 3 · (d) 2 and 4 only

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (c) 2 और 3

Poland (a member since 2004) and Germany (one of the six founding members) are EU members. Belarus and Switzerland are European countries outside the EU; Switzerland deals with the EU through a free trade agreement and bilateral agreements.

✗ 1. Belarus is not an EU member: it is not among the 27 EU countries or the countries that joined in any enlargement.
✓ 2. Poland joined the European Union in the fifth enlargement of 2004.
✓ 3. Germany is one of the six founding countries of the European Union (with Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands).
✗ 4. Switzerland is not an EU member; its relations with the EU are governed by a free trade agreement and a series of bilateral agreements.

Remember · EU members here: Germany (one of the six founders) and Poland (2004). Switzerland is outside the EU (bilateral agreements); Belarus is not a member either.

Sources

European Union, Facts and figures on the European Union: founding members and current Member States ↗ “Founded : in 1951 after the Second World War by six countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands). Current Member States : 27 countries .”
European Union, EU enlargement: history of enlargement (2004) ↗ “Fifth enlargement Ten new countries join the EU: Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia.”
European Commission, EU trade relations with Switzerland ↗ “Switzerland's economic and trade relations with the EU are mainly governed through a free trade agreement and through a series of bilateral agreements”

Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper I (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

The Syllabus X-Ray of this topic

5 of its 5 sub-topics are Core

5 Core · 0 High · 0 Steady · 0 Rare

Core #5United Nations & its agencies · 15 questions
Core #12Global & economic groupings: G20, BRICS, QUAD · 11 questions
Core #30Treaties, regimes & export controls · 8 questions
Core #33Financial & trade institutions · 8 questions
Core #53Regional groupings: SAARC, BIMSTEC, ASEAN, SCO · 6 questions

The X-Ray ranks all 928 sub-topics of the UPSC syllabus by what UPSC has asked since 2016. The 60 Prelims Core sub-topics are behind 51% of Prelims questions.

See the whole X-Ray →

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