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CSAT · 58 questions

Data interpretation & sufficiency

Every UPSC CSAT question on this topic, 2016–2026, newest first. Tap an option to check yourself; the answer and explanation open below it.

Data interpretation & sufficiency questions per year: 2016: 0, 2017: 1, 2018: 13, 2019: 0, 2020: 6, 2021: 5, 2022: 7, 2023: 5, 2024: 10, 2025: 5, 2026: 6 Asked in 9 of 11 years · most in 2018 (13)
Timed · 30 minutes a set Practise Data interpretation & sufficiency as timed tests 3 sets of about 20 questions with UPSC's CSAT marking. Start practising

UPSC syllabus: “Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. — Class X level);” Sub-topics in the detailed syllabus →

CSAT 2022 · Q19

X-Ray · Core #6 Medium

नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न और दो कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

  1. प्रश्न: क्या x पूर्णांक है?
  2. कथन–1: x / 3 पूर्णांक नहीं है।
  3. कथन–2: 3x पूर्णांक है।

उपर्युक्त प्रश्न और कथनों के बारे में निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा एक सही है?

Read this question in English

Consider the Question and two Statements given below:

Question. Is x an integer?

Statement–1. x/3 is not an integer.

Statement–2. 3x is an integer.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the Question and the Statements?

(a) Statement–1 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (b) Statement–2 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (c) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are sufficient to answer the Question · (d) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are not sufficient to answer the Question

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (d) कथन–1 और कथन–2, दोनों, प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं हैं

x = 1 and x = 1/3 both satisfy both statements, but one is an integer and the other is not. So the statements cannot settle the question even when used together.

  1. Statement–1 alone: x = 1 gives x/3 = 1/3 (not an integer) and x is an integer; x = 1/2 gives x/3 = 1/6 and x is not an integer. Not sufficient.
  2. Statement–2 alone: x = 1 gives 3x = 3 and x = 1/3 gives 3x = 1; both are integers, yet only one x is an integer. Not sufficient.
  3. Together: x = 1 fits both (1/3 is not an integer, 3 is) and so does x = 1/3 (1/9 is not an integer, 1 is). One is an integer, the other is not.
  4. So even both statements together are not sufficient.

Remember · Data sufficiency: find two values that satisfy every statement yet give different answers — one such pair proves insufficiency.

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

CSAT 2022 · Q25

X-Ray · Core #6 Easy

नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न और दो कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

  1. प्रश्न: क्या Z, X का भाई है?
  2. कथन–1: Y का भाई X है और Z का भाई Y है।
  3. कथन–2: X, Y और Z सहोदर भाई/बहन हैं।

उपर्युक्त प्रश्न और कथनों के बारे में निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा एक सही है?

Read this question in English

Consider the Question and two Statements given below:

Question. Is Z brother of X?

Statement–1. X is a brother of Y and Y is a brother of Z.

Statement–2. X, Y and Z are siblings.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the Question and the Statements?

(a) Statement–1 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (b) Statement–2 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (c) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are sufficient to answer the Question · (d) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are not sufficient to answer the Question

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (d) कथन–1 और कथन–2, दोनों, प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं हैं

Both statements tell us X, Y and Z are siblings, and Statement–1 shows X and Y are male, but nothing tells us whether Z is male. Z could be X’s brother or sister, so even together the statements are not sufficient.

  1. Statement–1: X is a brother of Y and Y is a brother of Z, so X and Y are male and all three are siblings. Z’s gender is not given.
  2. Statement–2: X, Y and Z are siblings — again Z’s gender is not given.
  3. Together they still do not say whether Z is male, so Z may be X’s brother or X’s sister.
  4. Neither statement alone nor both together can answer the question.

Remember · ‘Is Z a brother?’ needs Z’s gender; statements that fix only other people’s gender cannot answer it.

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

CSAT 2022 · Q37

X-Ray · Core #6 Easy

किसी राज्य के तीन शहरों P, Q और R के बारे में नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न और दो कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

  1. प्रश्न: शहर P, शहर Q से कितनी दूर है?
  2. कथन–1: शहर Q, शहर R से 18 km दूर है।
  3. कथन–2: शहर P, शहर R से 43 km दूर है।

उपर्युक्त प्रश्न और कथनों के बारे में निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा एक सही है?

Read this question in English

Consider the Question and two Statements given below in respect of three cities P, Q and R in a State:

Question. How far is city P from city Q?

Statement–1. City Q is 18 km from city R.

Statement–2. City P is 43 km from city R.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the Question and the Statements?

(a) Statement–1 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (b) Statement–2 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (c) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are sufficient to answer the Question · (d) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are not sufficient to answer the Question

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (d) कथन–1 और कथन–2, दोनों, प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं हैं

Distances from R to P and to Q fix the distance PQ only if we know their directions from R. Without directions, PQ can be anything from 43 − 18 = 25 km to 43 + 18 = 61 km.

  1. Statement–1 gives only QR = 18 km and Statement–2 gives only PR = 43 km; neither alone mentions PQ.
  2. Together: if P and Q lie on the same side of R in a straight line, PQ = 43 − 18 = 25 km; on opposite sides, PQ = 43 + 18 = 61 km; in other directions, anything in between.
  3. PQ is not fixed, so both statements together are still not sufficient.

Remember · Two distances from a common point give only a range (difference to sum) unless directions are known.

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

CSAT 2022 · Q48

Medium

छः व्यक्ति A, B, C, D, E और F किसी वृत्ताकार मेज के परितः (मेज के केन्द्र की ओर मुख किए), एक-दूसरे से एक-समान दूरी पर बैठे हैं।

नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न और दो कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

  1. प्रश्न: A के ठीक बाईं ओर कौन बैठा है?
  2. कथन–1: C के ठीक सामने B बैठा है और E के ठीक सामने D बैठा है।
  3. कथन–2: B के ठीक बाईं ओर F बैठा है।

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा एक उपर्युक्त प्रश्न और कथनों के बारे में सही है?

Read this question in English

Six persons A, B, C, D, E and F are sitting equidistant from each other around a circular table (facing the centre of the table).

Consider the Question and two Statements given below:

Question. Who is sitting on the immediate left of A?

Statement–1. B is sitting opposite to C and D is sitting opposite to E.

Statement–2. F is sitting on the immediate left of B.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the Question and the Statements?

(a) Statement–1 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (b) Statement–2 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (c) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are sufficient to answer the Question · (d) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are not sufficient to answer the Question

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (d) कथन–1 और कथन–2, दोनों, प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं हैं

Together the statements fix A opposite F, B next to F and C opposite B, which settles who is on A’s right (C) but not on A’s left: that seat can hold D or E. So even both statements are not sufficient.

  1. Statement–2 alone says nothing about A’s neighbours. Not sufficient.
  2. Statement–1 alone: with B–C and D–E opposite, A and F must be opposite each other, but A’s neighbours are still open. Not sufficient.
  3. Together: number the seats 1 to 6 clockwise with A at 1, so F is at 4. For people facing the centre, the immediate left is the next seat clockwise. F on B’s immediate left puts B at 3, and C (opposite B) at 6.
  4. D and E take seats 2 and 5 in either order. A’s immediate left is seat 2, which can be D or E.
  5. So both statements together are still not sufficient. (With the opposite left–right convention the picture is only mirrored, and A’s left is again D or E.)

Remember · In seating data sufficiency, draw the combined arrangement and look for a pair of people who can still swap.

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

CSAT 2022 · Q49

X-Ray · Core #6 Easy

नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न और दो कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

  1. प्रश्न: मनीषा की आयु क्या है?
  2. कथन–1: मनीषा अपनी माँ से 24 वर्ष छोटी है।
  3. कथन–2: 5 वर्ष बाद, मनीषा और उसकी माँ की आयु 3 : 5 के अनुपात में होगी।

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा एक उपर्युक्त प्रश्न और कथनों के बारे में सही है?

Read this question in English

Consider the Question and two Statements given below:

Question. What is the age of Manisha?

Statement–1. Manisha is 24 years younger than her mother.

Statement–2. 5 years later, the ages of Manisha and her mother will be in the ratio 3:5.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the Question and the Statements?

(a) Statement–1 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (b) Statement–2 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (c) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are sufficient to answer the Question · (d) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are not sufficient to answer the Question

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (c) कथन–1 और कथन–2, दोनों, प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त हैं

Statement–1 gives the age gap and Statement–2 gives a future ratio; neither fixes Manisha’s age alone. Together they give (M + 5) : (M + 29) = 3 : 5, so Manisha is 31.

  1. Statement–1 alone gives only the age gap of 24 years. Not sufficient.
  2. Statement–2 alone gives a ratio but no actual ages. Not sufficient.
  3. Together: let Manisha be M years old, so her mother is M + 24. Then (M + 5)/(M + 29) = 3/5.
  4. 5M + 25 = 3M + 87, so 2M = 62 and M = 31.
  5. Check: in 5 years they will be 36 and 60, and 36 : 60 = 3 : 5.

Remember · Age data sufficiency: a gap alone or a ratio alone is never enough; a gap plus a ratio fixes both ages.

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

CSAT 2022 · Q50

X-Ray · Core #6 Easy

छः व्याख्यान A, B, C, D, E और F, जो प्रत्येक एक घंटे की अवधि के हैं, प्रातः 8:00 बजे और अपराह्न 2:00 बजे के बीच नियत किए गए हैं।

नीचे दिए गए प्रश्न और दो कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

  1. प्रश्न: तीसरी व्याख्यान-अवधि (पीरियड) में कौन-सा व्याख्यान है?
  2. कथन–1: व्याख्यान F के ठीक पहले व्याख्यान A और ठीक बाद में व्याख्यान C हुआ।
  3. कथन–2: व्याख्यान B के बाद कोई व्याख्यान नहीं है।

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा एक उपर्युक्त प्रश्न और कथनों के बारे में सही है?

Read this question in English

Six lectures A, B, C, D, E and F, each of one hour duration, are scheduled between 8:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m.

Consider the Question and two Statements given below:

Question. Which lecture is in the third period?

Statement–1. Lecture F is preceded by A and followed by C.

Statement–2. There is no lecture after lecture B.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the Question and the Statements?

(a) Statement–1 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (b) Statement–2 alone is sufficient to answer the Question · (c) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are sufficient to answer the Question · (d) Both Statement–1 and Statement–2 are not sufficient to answer the Question

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (d) कथन–1 और कथन–2, दोनों, प्रश्न का उत्तर देने के लिए पर्याप्त नहीं हैं

With B fixed in the last period, the block A–F–C can still sit in periods 1–3, 2–4 or 3–5, so the third period could hold C, F or A. Even together the statements do not fix it.

  1. There are six one-hour periods from 8:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m., one lecture in each.
  2. Statement–1 alone: A, F, C come in that order, but the block can be anywhere. Not sufficient.
  3. Statement–2 alone: B is in the 6th period; the 3rd period is still open. Not sufficient.
  4. Together: A–F–C can fill periods 1–3, 2–4 or 3–5 (D and E take the rest), so the 3rd period can be C, F or A.
  5. So both statements together are not sufficient.

Remember · Scheduling data sufficiency: slide the fixed block through every free position before calling it sufficient.

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

CSAT 2022 · Q70

Easy

कोई वृत्तारेख किसी गृहस्थी में पाँच भिन्न मदों A, B, C, D और E पर हुआ व्यय बताता है। यदि B, C, D और E क्रमशः 90°, 50°, 45° तथा 75° के संगत हों, तो मद A पर व्यय का प्रतिशत कितना है?

Read this question in English

A pie chart gives the expenditure on five different items A, B, C, D and E in a household. If B, C, D and E correspond to 90°, 50°, 45° and 75° respectively, then what is the percentage of expenditure on item A?

(a) 112/9 · (b) 125/6 · (c) 155/9 · (d) 250/9

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (d) 250/9

The angles of a pie chart add up to 360°, so A takes 360° − 260° = 100°. As a percentage, that is 100/360 × 100 = 250/9 %.

  1. Angles in a pie chart add up to 360°. A = 360° − (90° + 50° + 45° + 75°) = 360° − 260° = 100°.
  2. Percentage for A = 100/360 × 100 = 250/9 % (about 27.8%).

Remember · Pie chart: percentage = angle ÷ 360 × 100, so every 18° is 5%.

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

The Syllabus X-Ray of this topic

1 of its 2 sub-topics is Core

1 Core · 1 High · 0 Steady · 0 Rare

  • Core #6Data sufficiency · 38 questions
  • HighTables, charts & graphs · 20 questions

The X-Ray ranks all 928 sub-topics of the UPSC syllabus by what UPSC has asked since 2016. The 6 CSAT Core sub-topics are behind 50% of CSAT questions.

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