उपर्युक्त परिच्छेद के आधार पर निम्नलिखित पूर्वधारणाएँ बनाई गई हैं :
- 1.आधुनिक कृषि में, संश्लेषित कीटनाशकों का उपयोग कभी भी नहीं करना चाहिए।
- 2.धारणीय कृषि का एक उद्देश्य अल्पतम पारिस्थितिक असंतुलन को सुनिश्चित करना है।
- 3.वानस्पतिक कीटनाशक, संश्लेषित कीटनाशकों की तुलना में, अधिक प्रभावकारी होते हैं।
उपर्युक्त पूर्वधारणाओं में से कौन-सा/से सही है/हैं?
Read this question in English
On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Synthetic pesticides should never be used in modern agriculture.
2. One of the aims of sustainable agriculture is to ensure minimal ecological imbalance.
3. Botanical pesticides are more effective as compared to synthetic pesticides.
Which of the assumptions given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only · (b) 2 only · (c) 1 and 3 only · (d) 1, 2 and 3
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (b) केवल 2
The passage recommends botanical pesticides as a 'practical sustainable alternative' because they avoid the ecological imbalance caused by synthetic ones, so it assumes that sustainable farming aims at minimal ecological imbalance. It neither bans synthetic pesticides outright nor claims botanicals control pests better.
- ✗ 1. 'Never' is too strong; the passage criticises indiscriminate use and offers an alternative, but does not call for a total ban.
- ✓ 2. Botanicals count as a sustainable alternative because synthetics 'cause ecological imbalance' — this only makes sense if sustainability means limiting such imbalance.
- ✗ 3. Botanicals are described as safer and biodegradable, not as more effective at controlling pests.
Remember · Separate 'safer' from 'more effective', and 'should reduce' from 'should never' — assumptions that harden the passage's claims are invalid.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2017, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·