With reference to the Indian polity, consider the following statements:
- I.The Governor of a State is not answerable to any court for the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of his/her office.
- II.No criminal proceedings shall be instituted or continued against the Governor during his/her term of office.
- III.Members of a State Legislature are not liable to any proceedings in any court in respect of anything said within the House.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Answer & explanation
Answer: (d) I, II and III
All three statements follow the Constitution's text. Article 361 shields the Governor from answering to any court for his official acts and bars criminal proceedings during his term, and Article 194(2) protects a State legislator from court proceedings over what he says in the House.
- ✓ I Article 361(1): the Governor is not answerable to any court for exercising and performing the powers and duties of his office.
- ✓ II Article 361(2): no criminal proceedings whatsoever can be instituted or continued against the Governor in any court during his term of office.
- ✓ III Article 194(2): no member of a State Legislature is liable to any court proceedings for anything said or any vote given in the Legislature or a committee of it.
Remember · Governor: no court answerability for official acts (Art 361(1)) and no criminal proceedings during the term (Art 361(2)). Legislators: no court liability for House speech or votes (Art 194(2)).
Sources
- Constitution of India (Government of India, Legislative Department), Article 361(1): Protection of President and Governors ↗ “The President, or the Governor or Rajpramukh of a State, shall not be answerable to any court for the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of his office … No criminal proceedings whatsoever shall be instituted or continued against the President, or the Governor 1*** of a State, in any court during his term of office. … No member of the Legislature of a State shall be liable to any proceedings in any court in respect of anything said or any vote given by him in the Legislature or any committee thereof”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2025, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·