राजा राममोहन राय के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए : I. उनमें प्राच्य विश्व के पारम्परिक दार्शनिक सिद्धांतों के प्रति अत्यंत अनुराग और समादर था। II. उनकी कामना थी कि उनके देशवासी तर्कसंगत और वैज्ञानिक दृष्टिकोण तथा सभी पुरुषों और महिलाओं की मानवीय गरिमा और सामाजिक समता के सिद्धांत को मानें। उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन-सा/कौन-से सही है/हैं?

(d) न तो I और न ही II

प्रश्न यूपीएससी के हिंदी प्रश्नपत्र से · व्याख्या अभी अंग्रेज़ी में

Prelims · Modern India & the freedom struggle · 12 questions

Social & religious reform movements

Every UPSC Prelims question on this topic, 2016–2026, newest first. Tap an option to check yourself; the answer and explanation open below it.

Asked in 5 of 11 years · most in 2025 (2)

Practising Modern India & the freedom struggle? Take it as timed sets of 25 →

UPSC syllabus: “History of India and Indian National Movement.” Sub-topics in the detailed syllabus →

Prelims 2025 · Q11

Easy

राजा राममोहन राय के बारे में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

I.उनमें प्राच्य विश्व के पारम्परिक दार्शनिक सिद्धांतों के प्रति अत्यंत अनुराग और समादर था।
II.उनकी कामना थी कि उनके देशवासी तर्कसंगत और वैज्ञानिक दृष्टिकोण तथा सभी पुरुषों और महिलाओं की मानवीय गरिमा और सामाजिक समता के सिद्धांत को मानें।

उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन-सा/कौन-से सही है/हैं?

Read this question in English

Consider the following statements about Raja Ram Mohan Roy:

I. He possessed great love and respect for the traditional philosophical systems of the East.

II. He desired his countrymen to accept the rational and scientific approach and the principle of human dignity and social equality of all men and women.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) I only · (b) II only · (c) Both I and II · (d) Neither I nor II

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (c) I और II दोनों

Rammohun Roy combined respect for India's philosophical heritage with Western rationalism. He grounded the Brahmo Samaj in the Upanishads and argued against sati from the ancient texts, while pressing for Western education, reason and equality for women.

✓ I He valued the Vedantic tradition: the Brahmo Samaj believed in the Upanishads, and he argued that sati had no sanction in ancient texts rather than rejecting those texts.
✓ II He wanted Western education spread in India and sought greater freedom and equality for women, appealing to reason and humanitarian ideas.

Remember · Rammohun Roy (1772–1833): Brahmo Sabha 1828; anti-sati campaign (sati banned 1829); blended Western rationality with respect for Indian (Vedantic) tradition.

📘 Read it in NCERT: Class 12 Indian Society, Ch 5 (practise this chapter)

Sources

NCERT Class 12 · Indian Society, Chapter 5 “Rammohun Roy's ideas represented a curious mixture of Western rationality and an assertion of Indian traditionality.”

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2025, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

Prelims 2025 · Q78

Easy

इनमें से कौन ‘आत्म-सम्मान आंदोलन (सेल्फ-रेस्पेक्ट मूवमेंट)’ का संस्थापक था?

Read this question in English

Who among the following was the founder of the 'Self-Respect Movement'?

(a) 'Periyar' E. V. Ramaswamy Naicker · (b) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar · (c) Bhaskarrao Jadhav · (d) Dinkarrao Javalkar

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (a) ‘पेरियार’ ई॰ वी॰ रामास्वामी नायकर

The Self-Respect Movement was started in 1925 by E. V. Ramasami Naicker, known as Periyar, a former Congress worker who fought caste hierarchy and Brahmin dominance in Tamil Nadu and later founded the Dravidar Kazhagam.

✓ (a) NCERT records that Periyar started the self-respect movement in 1925 after leaving the Congress, and later founded the Dravidar Kazhagam.
✗ (b) Dr B. R. Ambedkar is linked with the struggle of the Depressed Classes for political safeguards such as separate electorates (NCERT), not with founding the Self-Respect Movement.
✗ (c) Bhaskarrao Jadhav is not credited with founding the Self-Respect Movement.
✗ (d) Dinkarrao Javalkar is not credited with founding the Self-Respect Movement.

Remember · Periyar (E. V. Ramasami Naicker) started the Self-Respect Movement in 1925; his later organisation was the Dravidar Kazhagam.

📘 Read it in NCERT: Class 12 Politics in India since Independence, Ch 7 (practise this chapter)

Sources

NCERT Class 12 · Politics in India since Independence, Chapter 7 “initially a worker of the Congress party; started the self-respect movement (1925); led the anti-Brahmin movement; worked for the Justice party and later founded Dravidar Kazhagam”

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2025, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). Permalink ·

The Syllabus X-Ray of this topic

2 of its 4 sub-topics are High

0 Core · 2 High · 1 Steady · 1 Rare

HighBrahmo Samaj, Arya Samaj & reformers · 4 questions
HighAnti-caste movements & leaders · 3 questions

The X-Ray ranks all 928 sub-topics of the UPSC syllabus by what UPSC has asked since 2016. The 60 Prelims Core sub-topics are behind 51% of Prelims questions.

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The same topic in Mains

Modern Indian historyGS 1 syllabus
Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularismGS 1 syllabus

Read it in NCERT

Class 12 Indian Society, Chapter 5cited in 1 explanation
Class 12 Politics in India since Independence, Chapter 7cited in 1 explanation