भारत में कार्य कर रही विदेशी-स्वामित्व की e-वाणिज्य फर्मों के सन्दर्भ में, निम्नलिखित कथनों में कौन-सा/से सही है/हैं ?
- 1.अपने प्लेटफ़ॉर्मों को बाज़ार-स्थान के रूप में प्रस्तुत करने के अतिरिक्त वे स्वयं अपने माल का विक्रय भी कर सकते हैं ।
- 2.वे अपने प्लेटफॉर्मों पर किस अंश तक बड़े विक्रेताओं को स्वीकार कर सकते हैं, यह सीमित है ।
नीचे दिए कूट का प्रयोग कर सही उत्तर चुनिए :
Read this question in English
With reference to foreign-owned e-commerce firms operating in India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. They can sell their own goods in addition to offering their platforms as market-places.
2. The degree to which they can own big sellers on their platforms is limited.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only · (b) 2 only · (c) Both 1 and 2 · (d) Neither 1 nor 2
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (d) न तो 1, न ही 2
India's FDI policy lets foreign-owned e-commerce firms run only a marketplace, not an inventory model, so they cannot sell goods they own. And a seller in which the marketplace or its group companies hold any equity cannot sell on that platform at all — the bar is outright, not a matter of degree — so both statements fail.
- ✗ 1. 100% FDI is allowed only in the marketplace model; FDI is not permitted in the inventory-based model. A marketplace that owns or controls the goods sold becomes an inventory model, so a foreign-owned platform cannot sell its own stock.
- ✗ 2. Press Note 2 (2018) does not set a permitted level of ownership: any entity with equity participation by the marketplace or its group companies, or whose inventory they control, cannot sell on that platform. Owning sellers on the platform is barred, not merely limited.
Remember · FDI in e-commerce: 100% automatic in the marketplace model; none in the inventory model. Sellers with marketplace-group equity cannot sell on that platform (Press Note 2, 2018).
Sources
- DPIIT, Press Note No. 2 (2018 Series) — FDI in e-commerce ↗ “E-commerce entity providing a marketplace will not exercise ownership or control over the inventory i.e. goods purported to be sold. Such an ownership or control over the inventory will render the business into inventory based model. … having equity participation by e-commerce marketplace entity or its group companies, or having control on its inventory by e-commerce marketplace entity or its group companies, will not be permitted to sell its products on the platform”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·