परिच्छेद के अनुसार, प्राकृतिक वरण पृथ्वी पर भावी पर्यावरणों का पूर्वानुमान नहीं कर सकता है, क्योंकि
- 1.जो प्रजातियाँ अपनी राह में खड़े पर्यावरणीय परिवर्तनों का सामना करने के लिए पूरी तरह तैयार नहीं हैं, वे विलुप्त हो जाएँगी
- 2.सभी वर्तमान प्रजातियाँ विलुप्त हो जाएँगी, क्योंकि उनके जीनोम जैविक दुर्घटनाओं को नहीं झेल पाएँगे
- 3.पर्यावरणीय परिवर्तनों को झेल पाने में जीनोम की अक्षमता के परिणामस्वरूप विलोपन हो जाएगा
- 4.प्रजातियों का विलोपन एक आम लक्षण है
नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर सही उत्तर चुनिए।
Read this question in English
According to the passage, natural selection cannot anticipate future environments on the earth as
1. species not fully prepared to face the environmental changes that await them will face extinction
2. all the existing species would get extinct as their genomes will not withstand biological mishaps
3. inability of the genome to withstand environmental changes would result in extinction
4. extinction of species is a common feature
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 · (b) 2, 3 and 4 · (c) 1, 3 and 4 · (d) 1, 2 and 4
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (c) 1, 3 और 4
The passage says unprepared species go extinct, that this is due to genomes unable to withstand geological vagaries or biological mishaps, and that extinction “has been a major feature”. It never says that all existing species will go extinct.
- ✓ 1. “The set of existing organisms can never be fully prepared for environmental catastrophes… An outcome of this is the extinction of those species which cannot overcome environmental adversity.”
- ✗ 2. Too extreme: extinction is said to strike “those species which cannot overcome” adversity, not all existing species.
- ✓ 3. “This failure to survive… can be attributed to the genomes which are unable to withstand geological vagaries or biological mishaps.”
- ✓ 4. “Extinction of species has been a major feature”, and more than 90% of species that ever lived are now extinct.
Remember · Knock out the ‘all’ statement first: if the passage limits a claim to ‘those which…’, a universal claim fails.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·