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UPSC CSE CSAT 2018 · Paper II (CSAT) · Question 5 · Arithmetic: percentage, ratio, averages, time & work

नीचे दिए गए चित्र में A और B दो वाहनों के वेग के आलेख (ग्राफ) दिए गए हैं। सरलरेखा OKP किसी भी क्षण…

UPSC Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination 2018, General Studies Paper II (CSAT), Question 5 — Arithmetic: percentage, ratio, averages, time & work.

नीचे दिए गए चित्र में A और B दो वाहनों के वेग के आलेख (ग्राफ) दिए गए हैं। सरलरेखा OKP किसी भी क्षण में वाहन A के वेग को दर्शाती है, जबकि क्षैतिज सरलरेखा CKD किसी भी क्षण में वाहन B के वेग को दर्शाती है। चित्र में, D वह बिन्दु है जहाँ P से क्षैतिज रेखा CKD पर लम्ब इस प्रकार मिलता है कि PD = 1/2 LD :

Velocity–time graph: A's velocity rises along a straight line from the origin O through K to P; B's velocity is the horizontal line C–K–D; P lies above time L, D is on B's line directly below P, and PL is dotted down to the time axis.
From UPSC's question paper.

समय अंतराल OL में वाहन A और वाहन B द्वारा तय की गई दूरियों के बीच क्या अनुपात है?

Read this question in English

The figure drawn below gives the velocity graphs of two vehicles A and B. The straight line OKP represents the velocity of vehicle A at any instant, whereas the horizontal straight line CKD represents the velocity of vehicle B at any instant. In the figure, D is the point where perpendicular from P meets the horizontal line CKD such that PD = 1/2 LD:

What is the ratio between the distances covered by vehicles A and B in the time interval OL?

(a) 1: 2 · (b) 2: 3 · (c) 3: 4 · (d) 1: 1

उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English

Answer: (c) 3 : 4

Distance is the area under a velocity–time graph. A's distance is the triangle OLP and B's is the rectangle of height LD over OL; since PL = 3/2 × LD, the triangle is 3/4 of the rectangle.

  1. Let LD (B's constant velocity) = 2 units; then PD = 1 and A's velocity at time L is PL = PD + DL = 3.
  2. Distance of B in time OL = rectangle = OL × 2 = 2 × OL.
  3. Distance of A in time OL = triangle OLP = 1/2 × OL × 3 = 1.5 × OL.
  4. Ratio A : B = 1.5 : 2 = 3 : 4.

Remember · On a velocity–time graph, distance = area under the line: a triangle for steady acceleration from rest, a rectangle for constant speed.

Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2018, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 1 Oct 2026 (how we verify). ·

Cite this question: UPSC CSE CSAT 2018, Q5 — minimalistias.com/pyqs/csat/2018/q5

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