‘मरुभवन’ के संदर्भ में, जैसा कि परिच्छेद में वर्णन किया गया है, निम्नलिखित पूर्वधारणाएँ बनाई गई हैं :
- 1.मरुभवन, केवल उष्णकटिबंधीय क्षेत्रों की एक घटना है।
- 2.बाढ़ और मरुभवन, वनोन्मूलन के अनिवार्य परिणाम हैं।
उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सी पूर्वधारणा/पूर्वधारणाएँ वैध है/हैं?
Read this question in English
With reference to ‘desertification’, as described in the passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Desertification is a phenomenon in tropical areas only.
2. Deforestation invariably leads to floods and desertification.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 only · (b) 2 only · (c) Both 1 and 2 · (d) Neither 1 nor 2
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (d) न तो 1 और न ही 2
Desertification is 'often linked to the arid, semi-arid and sub-humid ecosystems', and the humid tropics are added with 'even', so it is not a tropical phenomenon only. The passage's 'invariably' describes how deforestation's consequences arise, not a rule that every deforestation ends in floods and desertification.
- ✗ 1. Arid, semi-arid and sub-humid ecosystems come first; the tropics are mentioned with 'even', as an addition, not the only setting.
- ✗ 2. 'Invariably' in the passage refers to consequences arising 'out of site degradation through erosive losses'. Floods appear only in the Brahmaputra example, so the statement stretches the passage into a universal rule.
Remember · Check where the passage's 'invariably' or 'only' actually applies; an option that moves such a word to a new claim is usually wrong.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2018, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·