परिच्छेद का सन्दर्भ लेते हुए, निम्नलिखित पूर्वधारणाएं बनाई गई हैं :
- 1.मानव संबंध उनकी धार्मिक परंपराओं से व्युत्पन्न होते हैं
- 2.मनुष्य कर्त्तव्य से तभी बंधे हो सकते हैं जब वे ईश्वर में विश्वास करें
- 3.न्याय की साधना और बोध के लिए धार्मिक परम्पराएँ आवश्यक हैं
इनमें से कौनसी पूर्वधारणा/पूर्वधारणाएं वैध है/हैं ?
Read this question in English
With reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Human relationships are derived from their religious traditions
2. Human beings can be duty bound only if they believe in god
3. Religious traditions are essential to practice and understand justice
Which of these assumption(s) is/are valid?
(a) 1 only · (b) 2 and 3 only · (c) 1 and 3 only · (d) 1, 2 and 3
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (a) केवल 1
The passage says our duties to one another derive from religious traditions' stress on duty to god or a universal principle, so assumption 1 holds. It allows 'some universal ethical principle' in place of god, and it calls community solidarity — not religion — essential to justice, so 2 and 3 fail.
- ✓ 1. 'Our duties to one another derive from these', and the concept of rights shapes 'our other relationships' — relationships flow from religious traditions.
- ✗ 2. 'Only if they believe in god' is too extreme; the duty may be to 'some universal ethical principle'.
- ✗ 3. What is 'essential to the practice and understanding of justice' is solidarity in a community, not religious tradition.
Remember · Watch the qualifiers — 'only', 'essential', 'always'. An assumption carrying one must be backed by the passage's own words.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2016, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·