निम्नलिखित पर विचार कीजिए :
- 1.ज्वलखंडाश्मी (पाइरोक्लास्टी) मलबा
- 2.राख और धूल
- 3.नाइट्रोजन यौगिक
- 4.सल्फर यौगिक
उपर्युक्त में से कितने ज्वालामुखी उद्गारों के उत्पाद हैं ?
Read this question in English
Consider the following:
1. Pyroclastic debris
2. Ash and dust
3. Nitrogen compounds
4. Sulphur compounds
How many of the above are products of volcanic eruptions?
(a) Only one · (b) Only two · (c) Only three · (d) All four
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (d) सभी चार
An eruption brings out solid, liquid and gaseous material: lava, fragments of rock, fine ash and dust, and gases. The gases include nitrogen and sulphur compounds, so all four listed items are volcanic products.
- ✓ 1. Pyroclastic debris — rock fragments blown out by the explosion — is thrown out along with lava flows and volcanic bombs.
- ✓ 2. Fine ash and dust are ejected in eruptions and can spread over large areas.
- ✓ 3. Nitrogen compounds are among the gases released by volcanoes.
- ✓ 4. Sulphur compounds are also released as volcanic gases, alongside small amounts of chlorine, hydrogen and argon.
Remember · Volcanic output: lava, pyroclastic debris, volcanic bombs, ash and dust, and gases (nitrogen and sulphur compounds, minor chlorine, hydrogen, argon).
📘 Read it in NCERT: Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Ch 3 (practise this chapter)
Sources
- NCERT Class 11 · Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Chapter 3 “The material that reaches the ground includes lava flows, pyroclastic debris, volcanic bombs, ash and dust and gases such as nitrogen compounds, sulphur compounds and minor amounts of chlorene, hydrogen and argon.”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2024, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·