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Fundamentals of Physical Geography

Class 11 · Geography

Ch 3 · Interior of the Earth

Real UPSC Prelims questions from 2016–2026, linked to this book. Try each one first, then open the answer. 2026 answers follow UPSC's provisional answer key.

Prelims 2023 · Q65

Consider the following statements:

  1. 1.In a seismograph, P waves are recorded earlier than S waves.
  2. 2.In P waves, the individual particles vibrate to and fro in the direction of wave propagation whereas in S waves, the particles vibrate up and down at right angles to the direction of wave propagation.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. (a)1 only
  2. (b)2 only
  3. (c)Both 1 and 2
  4. (d)Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (c)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Ch 3 (Interior of the Earth).

Fundamentals of Physical Geography (ch 3): P-waves are faster and arrive first. They vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave, while S-waves vibrate at right angles to it. Both statements are true. So (c).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2023), question 65 ↗

Prelims 2024 · Q3

Consider the following:

  1. 1.Pyroclastic debris
  2. 2.Ash and dust
  3. 3.Nitrogen compounds
  4. 4.Sulphur compounds

How many of the above are products of volcanic eruptions?

  1. (a)Only one
  2. (b)Only two
  3. (c)Only three
  4. (d)All four
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (d)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Ch 3 (Interior of the Earth).

Fundamentals of Physical Geography (ch 3): volcanoes throw out lava, pyroclastic debris, volcanic bombs, ash and dust, and gases such as nitrogen and sulphur compounds. All four are products of eruptions. So (d).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2024), question 3 ↗

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