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Fundamentals of Physical Geography

Class 11 · Geography

Ch 7 · Composition and Structure of Atmosphere

Real UPSC Prelims questions from 2016–2026, linked to this book. Try each one first, then open the answer. 2026 answers follow UPSC's provisional answer key.

Prelims 2024 · Q2

Consider the following statements:

Statement-I:

Thickness of the troposphere at the equator is much greater as compared to poles.

Statement-II:

At the equator, heat is transported to great heights by strong convectional currents.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. (a)Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct and Statement-II explains Statement-I
  2. (b)Both Statement-I and Statement-II are correct, but Statement-II does not explain Statement-I
  3. (c)Statement-I is correct, but Statement-II is incorrect
  4. (d)Statement-I is incorrect, but Statement-II is correct
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (a)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Ch 7 (Composition and Structure of Atmosphere).

Fundamentals of Physical Geography (ch 7): the troposphere is thickest at the equator because strong convection carries heat to great heights. Both statements are true, and II explains I. So (a).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2024), question 2 ↗

Prelims 2024 · Q12

With reference to "water vapour", which of the following statements is/are correct?

  1. 1.It is a gas, the amount of which decreases with altitude.
  2. 2.Its percentage is maximum at the poles.

Select the answer using the code given below:

  1. (a)1 only
  2. (b)2 only
  3. (c)Both 1 and 2
  4. (d)Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (a)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Ch 7 (Composition and Structure of Atmosphere).

Fundamentals of Physical Geography (ch 7): water vapour decreases with altitude (1 true), and in cold, dry polar regions it may be under 1% (2 false). So (a).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2024), question 12 ↗

Prelims 2025 · Q26

Consider the following statements:

Statement I:

The amount of dust particles in the atmosphere is more in subtropical and temperate areas than in equatorial and polar regions.

Statement II:

Subtropical and temperate areas have less dry winds.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. (a)Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
  2. (b)Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
  3. (c)Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct
  4. (d)Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (c)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Ch 7 (Composition and Structure of Atmosphere).

Fundamentals of Physical Geography (ch 7): dust is more concentrated in subtropical and temperate regions because of dry winds. This makes I true and II ('less dry winds') false. So (c).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2025), question 26 ↗

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