‘वनों पर न्यूयॉर्क घोषणा (न्यूयॉर्क डिक्लेरेशन ऑन फॉरेस्ट्स)’ के संदर्भ में, निम्नलिखित में से कौन-से कथन सही हैं?
- 1.2014 में, संयुक्त राष्ट्र जलवायु शिखर सम्मेलन में पहली बार इसका समर्थन किया गया था।
- 2.इसमें वन के ह्रास को रोकने के लिए एक वैश्विक समय-रेखा का समर्थन किया गया।
- 3.यह वैध रूप से बाध्यकारी अंतर्राष्ट्रीय घोषणा है।
- 4.यह सरकारों, बड़ी कंपनियों और देशीय समुदायों द्वारा समर्थित है।
- 5.भारत, इसके प्रारंभ के समय, हस्ताक्षरकर्ताओं में से एक था।
नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर सही उत्तर चुनिए।
Read this question in English
With reference to the 'New York Declaration on Forests', which of the following statements are correct?
1. It was first endorsed at the United Nations Climate Summit in 2014.
2. It endorses a global timeline to end the loss of forests.
3. It is a legally binding international declaration.
4. It is endorsed by governments, big companies and indigenous communities.
5. India was one of the signatories at its inception.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1, 2 and 4 · (b) 1, 3 and 5 · (c) 3 and 4 · (d) 2 and 5
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (a) 1, 2 और 4
The New York Declaration on Forests was launched at the UN Secretary-General's Climate Summit in New York on 23 September 2014. It is a voluntary political pledge, not a treaty, signed by a mixed coalition of governments, companies, NGOs and indigenous peoples' groups, with the shared goal of ending natural forest loss by 2030. India is not among its endorsers.
- ✓ 1. It was endorsed on 23 September 2014 at the Climate Summit convened in New York by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.
- ✓ 2. Its headline goals are to halve natural forest loss by 2020 and end it by 2030, alongside restoring 350 million hectares of degraded land.
- ✗ 3. It is a voluntary political declaration; it creates no legal obligations.
- ✓ 4. The launch coalition included 32 national governments, 18 sub-national governments, 40 companies, 16 indigenous peoples' groups and 49 NGOs and civil-society bodies.
- ✗ 5. India does not appear on the list of national government endorsers, either in 2014 or later.
Remember · NYDF (2014, UN Climate Summit, New York): voluntary, multi-stakeholder; end natural forest loss by 2030, restore 350 million ha. India has not endorsed it.
Sources
- Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (World Bank), UNSG 2014 Climate Summit ↗ · reference work “On September 23, 2014 , at the Climate Summit in New York, a coalition of over 150, including 32 national governments, 18 sub-national governments, 40 companies, 16 Indigenous Peoples groups, and 49 NGOs/CSOs, endorsed the New York Declaration on Forests with the shared goal of ending natural forest loss by 2030.”
- Forest Declaration Assessment, What is the New York Declaration on Forests? ↗ · reference work “The New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) is a voluntary, multi-stakeholder political declaration calling for global action to protect, restore, and sustainably manage the world’s forests.”
- Forest Declaration Assessment, NYDF Endorsers (national governments list) ↗ · reference work “Guyana 2014 Indonesia 2014 Japan 2014 Kenya 2014 Republic of Korea 2014”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2021, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·