निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :
- 1.राजकोषीय दायित्व और बजट प्रबंधन (एफ.आर.बी.एम.) समीक्षा समिति के प्रतिवेदन में सिफारिश की गई है कि वर्ष 2023 तक केन्द्र एवं राज्य सरकारों को मिलाकर ऋण-जी.डी.पी. अनुपात 60% रखा जाए जिसमें केंद्र सरकार के लिए यह 40% तथा राज्य सरकारों के लिए 20% हो ।
- 2.राज्य सरकारों के जी.डी.पी. के 49% की तुलना में केन्द्र सरकार के लिए जी.डी.पी. का 21% घरेलू देयतायें हैं ।
- 3.भारत के संविधान के अनुसार यदि किसी राज्य के पास केंद्र सरकार की बकाया देयतायें हैं तो उसे कोई भी ऋण लेने से पहले केंद्र सरकार से सहमति लेना अनिवार्य है ।
उपर्युक्त कथनों में से कौन-सा/से सही है/हैं ?
Read this question in English
Consider the following statements:
1. The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Review Committee Report has recommended a debt to GDP ratio of 60% for the general (combined) government by 2023, comprising 40% for the Central Government and 20% for the State Governments.
2. The Central Government has domestic liabilities of 21% of GDP as compared to that of 49% of GDP of the State Governments.
3. As per the Constitution of India, it is mandatory for a State to take the Central Government's consent for raising any loan if the former owes any outstanding liabilities to the latter.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only · (b) 2 and 3 only · (c) 1 and 3 only · (d) 1, 2 and 3
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (c) केवल 1 और 3
The N.K. Singh FRBM Review Committee (report made public in 2017) proposed a 60 per cent general-government debt anchor, with the Centre brought down to 40 per cent by FY23 and the States at about 20 per cent. Statement 2 swaps the numbers: it is the Centre whose debt was about 49 per cent of GDP. Article 293(3) makes statement 3 correct.
- ✓ 1. The committee recommended a glide path that brings the Centre's debt to 40 per cent of GDP by FY23 within a general-government anchor of about 60 per cent, leaving roughly 20 per cent for the States together.
- ✗ 2. The figures are reversed. The report puts the Union government's debt at 49.4 per cent of GDP and the States' collective debt at only about 19–21 per cent.
- ✓ 3. Article 293(3) says a State may not raise a loan without the Government of India's consent if any part of a loan made or guaranteed by the Centre is still outstanding.
Remember · FRBM Review (N.K. Singh) Committee: debt anchor 60% of GDP (Centre 40%, States 20%); fiscal deficit 2.5% by FY23. Article 293(3): indebted States need the Centre's consent to borrow.
Sources
- FRBM Review Committee Report, Volume I: Responsible Growth, Department of Economic Affairs ↗ “the Committee recommends a path of medium-term consolidation, where the fiscal deficit is envisaged to be on a glide path, to be reduced to 2.5% of GDP, consistent with reducing the centre's debt to 40% by FY23. … This is the case because the Union government, which has a large debt stock of 49.4 percent of GDP, enjoys a greater downward pressure on its debt due to a favourable r-g.”
- Constitution of India, Article 293(3) (Legislative Department, Government of India) ↗ “A State may not without the consent of the Government of India raise any loan if there is still outstanding any part of a loan which has been made to the State by the Government of India”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2018, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·