निम्नलिखित में से कौन-से कथन, उन तर्कसंगत और विवेकपूर्ण निष्कर्षों को प्रतिबिम्बित करते हैं, जो इस परिच्छेद से निकाले जा सकते हैं?
- 1.ऐतिहासिक दृष्टि से, SARS-CoV-2 की तुलना में, HMPV के अध्ययनों का दीर्घ प्रलेखन उपलब्ध है।
- 2.ये दोनों विषाणु एक-दूसरे से भिन्न हैं और इसके फलस्वरूप इनसे प्रभावित व्यक्तियों में सुस्पष्ट रूप से भिन्न परिणाम होते हैं।
- 3.इन दोनों विषाणुओं के दीर्घकालिक प्रभाव असमान होते हैं और यह उनके बीच एक महत्त्वपूर्ण विभेदक है।
- 4.ऋतु विशिष्टता इन दो विषाणुओं के बीच एक उभयनिष्ठ कारक है।
नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर उत्तर चुनिए।
Read this question in English
Which of the following statements reflect the logical and rational inferences that can be drawn from the passage?
1. HMPV has, historically, had longer documentation of studies when compared with SARS-CoV-2.
2. The two viruses are different from each other and this results in markedly different outcomes amongst those affected.
3. Long-term impacts of the two viruses are dissimilar and this is an important differentiator between them.
4. One of the common factors between the two viruses is seasonal specificity.
Select the answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 and 2 only · (b) 1, 2 and 3 · (c) 3 and 4 · (d) 1 and 3 only
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (b) 1, 2 और 3
HMPV has been known and studied for decades, the two viruses differ in severity and outcomes, and the long-term effects are a clear point of difference. Seasonality is not shared: the passage says strong seasonality is seen in HMPV, unlike SARS-CoV-2.
- ✓ 1. People have been exposed to HMPV 'for decades and the virus is well-studied', while SARS-CoV-2 was 'truly novel' in 2019.
- ✓ 2. They 'cause different severity of symptoms'; HMPV causes milder illness with very rare deaths.
- ✓ 3. Severity differs 'particularly over the long term', and HMPV leaves 'no long-term post-viral symptoms'.
- ✗ 4. Seasonality is a difference, not a common factor: 'strong seasonality seen in HMPV, unlike SARS-CoV-2'.
Remember · Check 'common factor' claims against contrast words such as 'unlike', 'in contrast', 'whereas'.
Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper II (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·