निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा कथन उपर्युक्त परिच्छेद का सर्वाधिक निर्णायक संदेश प्रस्तुत करता है ?
Read this question in English
Which one of the following statements best reflects the critical message conveyed by the passage given above?
(a) India’s energy decision-making process is ever more complex and interconnected. · (b) India’s energy and climate policy is heavily tuned to sustainable development goals. · (c) India’s energy and climate actions are not compatible with its broader social, economic and environmental goals. · (d) India’s energy decision-making process is straightforward supply-oriented and ignores the demand side.
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (a) भारत के ऊर्जा निर्णयन की प्रक्रिया सदैव जटिल और अंतःसंबधित है ।
The passage lists linked problems — fuel production, access for the poorest, imports, pricing and governance, land, water and air — and then an equally varied set of hopeful initiatives. The message is that India's energy decisions involve many connected strands, which is (a).
- ✓ (a) 'The problems are multiple' and span supply, access, imports, pricing, governance and environment, while responses span efficiency, urbanisation, transport and renewables — a complex, interconnected picture.
- ✗ (b) The passage never says policy is 'heavily tuned' to sustainable development goals; it even calls renewable initiatives 'not fully conceptualised'.
- ✗ (c) Too negative: 'all is not bleak' and there is 'the promise of transformation'; no incompatibility is claimed.
- ✗ (d) The passage mentions demand-side measures such as energy efficiency and access; nothing is called straightforward.
Remember · When a passage piles up interlinked problems and responses, the message is usually complexity, not a one-sided verdict.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2021, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·