उपर्युक्त परिच्छेद के आधार पर, निम्नलिखित पूर्वधारणाएँ बनाई गई हैं :
- 1.परागणकारी प्राणियों की विविधता के बिना भारत के अनाज खाद्यान्न का संधारणीय उत्पादन संभव नहीं है ।
- 2.उद्यान फ़सलों की एकधान्य कृषि, कीटों के अस्तित्व के लिए बाधक है ।
- 3.प्राकृतिक वनस्पति से विहीन कृषि क्षेत्रों में परागणकारियों की अत्यधिक कमी हो जाती है ।
- 4.कीटों में विविधता, पौधों में विविधता लाती है ।
उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सी पूर्वधारणा/पूर्वधारणाएँ मान्य है/हैं ?
Read this question in English
On the basis of the passage given above, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Sustainable production of India’s cereal food grains is impossible without the diversity of pollinating animals.
2. Monoculture of horticultural crops hampers the survival of insects.
3. Pollinators become scarce in cultivated areas devoid of natural vegetation.
4. Diversity in insects induces diversity of plants.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 only · (b) 2, 3 and 4 only · (c) 1 and 2 only · (d) 3 and 4 only
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (d) केवल 3 और 4
The passage ties plants and pollinators together — the loss of either hurts both — and says pollination needs refuges of natural vegetation. That supports 3 and 4; India's cereals and monoculture are topics the passage never raises.
- ✗ 1. The passage speaks of crops in general ('at least one-third'), not India's cereals, and 'impossible' is far stronger than anything it says.
- ✗ 2. Monoculture and horticulture are not mentioned; this brings in a new subject.
- ✓ 3. 'Effective pollination requires resources, such as refuges of pristine natural vegetation' — where such vegetation is missing, pollinators lose their support.
- ✓ 4. Pollination rests on 'intricate relationships between plants and animals', and the loss of either affects both; so a richer variety of insect pollinators sustains a richer variety of plants.
Remember · An assumption must rest on a line of the passage; reject statements that add a new subject or an absolute word like 'impossible'.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2021, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·