निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सी सर्वाधिक तार्किक और तर्कसंगत पूर्वधारणा है, जो कि उपर्युक्त परिच्छेद से बनाई जा सकती है?
Read this question in English
Which among the following is the most logical and rational assumption that can be made from the above passage?
(a) Innovation and R&D is the only way to reduce rural to urban migration. · (b) Every rapidly growing country needs to minimize the divergence between productivity in agriculture and other sectors. · (c) Inclusive innovation and R&D can help create an egalitarian society. · (d) Rapid urbanization takes place only when a country’s economic growth is rapid.
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (c) समावेशी नवप्रवर्तन तथा R&D एक समतावादी समाज बनाने में सहायता कर सकते हैं।
The passage presents inclusive innovation and R&D as tools to check rising inequality — by focusing on the needs of the poor, lowering costs and creating earning opportunities. The assumption beneath it is that they can help build a more equal society.
- ✗ (a) The passage mentions pressures of rapid urbanization but never migration, and 'only way' is extreme.
- ✗ (b) 'Every rapidly growing country' generalises beyond the passage, which is about India.
- ✓ (c) Innovation 'can mitigate increases in social inequality' and create income for the poor — an egalitarian aim.
- ✗ (d) The link between urbanization and the speed of economic growth is not discussed.
Remember · Assumption questions: pick the unstated belief the argument relies on; reject 'only', 'every' and topics the passage never touches.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2017, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·