Science & technology: practice set 1

Which of the following statements with regard to Large Language Models (LLMs) used in machine learning is/are correct?

1. 1.LLMs assign probabilities to the next possible words and then pick the one with the highest probability.
2. 2.LLMs process data through mathematical optimization to minimise prediction errors.
3. 3.LLMs produce unbiased outputs.

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Which of the following statements with regard to stealth technology is/are correct?

1. 1.Stealth objects have a very small radar cross-section and are coated with Radar Absorbing Material.
2. 2.Stealth objects can be detected using specific frequencies.
3. 3.Stealth objects are coated with metamaterials to increase the scattering of electromagnetic radiation.

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Which of the following statements with regard to Black Boxes used in modern aircrafts is/are correct?

1. 1.They carry a beacon emitting red light pulses to facilitate underwater detection.
2. 2.They record both the cockpit voice and flight data.
3. 3.Their memory units are made using either stainless steel or titanium.

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Consider the following statements:

1. I.It is expected that Majorana 1 chip will enable quantum computing.
2. II.Majorana 1 chip has been introduced by Amazon Web Services (AWS).
3. III.Deep learning is a subset of machine learning.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Consider the following space missions:

1. I.Axiom-4
2. II.SpaDeX
3. III.Gaganyaan

How many of the space missions given above encourage and support micro-gravity research?

With reference to India's defence, consider the following pairs:

How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

Which one of the following is synthesised in human body that dilates blood vessels and increases blood flow?

Which one of the following countries has its own Satellite Navigation System?

'Aerial metagenomics' best refers to which one of the following situations?

Consider the following:

1. 1.Aarogya Setu
2. 2.CoWIN
3. 3.DigiLocker
4. 4.DIKSHA

Which of the above are built on top of open-source digital platforms?

In the context of vaccines manufactured to prevent COVID-19 pandemic, consider the following statements:

1. 1.The Serum Institute of India produced COVID-19 vaccine named Covishield using mRNA platform.
2. 2.Sputnik V vaccine is manufactured using vector based platform.
3. 3.COVAXIN is an inactivated pathogen based vaccine.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

With reference to Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), consider the following statements:

1. 1.They enable the digital representation of physical assets.
2. 2.They are unique cryptographic tokens that exist on a blockchain.
3. 3.They can be traded or exchanged at equivalency and therefore can be used as medium of commercial transactions.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Bollgard I and Bollgard II technologies are mentioned in the context of

In a pressure cooker, the temperature at which the food is cooked depends mainly upon which of the following?

1. 1.Area of the hole in the lid
2. 2.Temperature of the flame
3. 3.Weight of the lid

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Consider the following activities:

1. 1.Spraying pesticides on a crop field
2. 2.Inspecting the craters of active volcanoes
3. 3.Collecting breath samples from spouting whales for DNA analysis

At the present level of technology, which of the above activities can be successfully carried out by using drones?

What is the importance of using Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in India?

1. 1.These vaccines are effective against pneumonia as well as meningitis and sepsis.
2. 2.Dependence on antibiotics that are not effective against drug-resistant bacteria can be reduced.
3. 3.These vaccines have no side effects and cause no allergic reactions.

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In India, why are some nuclear reactors kept under "IAEA Safeguards" while others are not?

In the context of digital technologies for entertainment, consider the following statements:

1. 1.In Augmented Reality (AR), a simulated environment is created and the physical world is completely shut out.
2. 2.In Virtual Reality (VR), images generated from a computer are projected onto real-life objects or surroundings.
3. 3.AR allows individuals to be present in the world and improves the experience using the camera of smart-phone or PC.
4. 4.VR closes the world, and transposes an individual, providing complete immersion experience.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

What is Cas9 protein that is often mentioned in news?

In which of the following areas can GPS technology be used?

1. 1.Mobile phone operations
2. 2.Banking operations
3. 3.Controlling the power grids

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The terms ‘WannaCry, Petya and EternalBlue’ sometimes mentioned in the news recently are related to

Consider the following phenomena:

1. 1.Light is affected by gravity.
2. 2.The Universe is constantly expanding.
3. 3.Matter warps its surrounding space-time.

Which of the above is/are the prediction/predictions of Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity, often discussed in media?

With reference to 'LiFi', recently in the news, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. 1.It uses light as the medium for high-speed data transmission.
2. 2.It is a wireless technology and is several times faster than 'WiFi'.

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Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Viruses can infect

1. 1.bacteria
2. 2.fungi
3. 3.plants

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With reference to 'Astrosat', the astronomical observatory launched by India, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. 1.Other than USA and Russia, India is the only country to have launched a similar observatory into space.
2. 2.Astrosat is a 2000 kg satellite placed in an orbit at 1650 km above the surface of the Earth.

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