Environment & ecology: practice set 1

With respect to the Western Hoolock Gibbons, which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. 1.A Sanctuary in North-east India is home to this ape species listed as Endangered in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.
2. 2.They have specialized brachiation and can easily swing between trees.
3. 3.They possess a strong and heavy build like gorillas, yet are remarkably agile tree climbers.

Select the answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements:

1. Statement I: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in global discussions on sustainable development and climate change.
2. Statement II: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change sets out the principles of carbon markets.
3. Statement III: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change intends to promote inter-country non-market strategies to reach their climate targets.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

With reference to the planet Earth, consider the following statements:

1. I.Rain forests produce more oxygen than that produced by oceans.
2. II.Marine phytoplankton and photosynthetic bacteria produce about 50% of world’s oxygen.
3. III.Well-oxygenated surface water contains several folds higher oxygen than that in atmospheric air.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

With reference to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that are used in making many consumer products, consider the following statements:

1. 1.PFAS are found to be widespread in drinking water, food and food packaging materials.
2. 2.PFAS are not easily degraded in the environment.
3. 3.Persistent exposure to PFAS can lead to bioaccumulation in animal bodies.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

The organisms "Cicada, Froghopper and Pond skater" are:

Consider the following fauna:

1. 1.Lion-tailed Macaque
2. 2.Malabar Civet
3. 3.Sambar Deer

How many of the above are generally nocturnal or most active after sunset?

Consider the following activities:

1. 1.Spreading finely ground basalt rock on farmlands extensively
2. 2.Increasing the alkalinity of oceans by adding lime
3. 3.Capturing carbon dioxide released by various industries and pumping it into abandoned subterranean mines in the form of carbonated waters

How many of the above activities are often considered and discussed for carbon capture and sequestration?

In the context of WHO Air Quality Guidelines, consider the following statements:

1. 1.The 24-hour mean of PM2.5 should not exceed 15 µg/m3 and annual mean of PM2.5 should not exceed 5 µg/m3.
2. 2.In a year, the highest levels of ozone pollution occur during the periods of inclement weather.
3. 3.PM10 can penetrate the lung barrier and enter the bloodstream.
4. 4.Excessive ozone in the air can trigger asthma.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Which of the following is not a bird?

Which one of the following has been constituted under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

In the nature, which of the following is/are most likely to be found surviving on a surface without soil?

1. 1.Fern
2. 2.Lichen
3. 3.Moss
4. 4.Mushroom

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Magnetite particles, suspected to cause neurodegenerative problems, are generated as environmental pollutants from which of the following?

1. 1.Brakes of motor vehicles
2. 2.Engines of motor vehicles
3. 3.Microwave stoves within homes
4. 4.Power plants
5. 5.Telephone lines

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

The 'Common Carbon Metric', supported by UNEP, has been developed for

The vegetation of savannah consists of grassland with scattered small trees, but extensive areas have no trees. The forest development in such areas is generally kept in check by one or more or a combination of some conditions. Which of the following are such conditions?

1. 1.Burrowing animals and termites
2. 2.Fire
3. 3.Grazing herbivores
4. 4.Seasonal rainfall
5. 5.Soil properties

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

With reference to Indian elephants, consider the following statements:

1. 1.The leader of an elephant group is a female.
2. 2.The maximum gestation period can be 22 months.
3. 3.An elephant can normally go on calving till the age of 40 years only.
4. 4.Among the States in India, the highest elephant population is in Kerala.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which one of the following protected areas is well-known for the conservation of a sub-species of the Indian swamp deer (Barasingha) that thrives well on hard ground and is exclusively graminivorous?

Why is there a great concern about the ‘microbeads’ that are released into environment?

Consider the following statements:

1. 1.As per recent amendment to the Indian Forest Act, 1927, forest dwellers have the right to fell the bamboos grown on forest areas.
2. 2.As per the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, bamboo is a minor forest produce.
3. 3.The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 allows ownership of minor forest produce to forest dwellers.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following leaf modifications occur(s) in the desert areas to inhibit water loss?

1. 1.Hard and waxy leaves
2. 2.Tiny leaves
3. 3.Thorns instead of leaves

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The Partnership for Action on Green Economy (PAGE), a UN mechanism to assist countries transition towards greener and more inclusive economies, emerged at

Consider the following statements:

1. 1.The definition of “Critical Wildlife Habitat” is incorporated in the Forest Rights Act, 2006.
2. 2.For the first time in India, Baigas have been given Habitat Rights.
3. 3.Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change officially decides and declares Habitat Rights for Primitive and Vulnerable Tribal Groups in any part of India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

From the ecological point of view, which one of the following assumes importance in being a good link between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats?

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a standard criterion for

Consider the following pairs:

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

With reference to an initiative called 'The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB)', which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. 1.It is an initiative hosted by UNEP, IMF and World Economic Forum.
2. 2.It is a global initiative that focuses on drawing attention to the economic benefits of biodiversity.
3. 3.It presents an approach that can help decision-makers recognize, demonstrate and capture the value of ecosystems and biodiversity.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

With reference to 'Red Sanders', sometimes seen in the news, consider the following statements:

1. 1.It is a tree species found in a part of South India.
2. 2.It is one of the most important trees in the tropical rain forest areas of South India.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?