Consider the following:
- 1.Aarogya Setu
- 2.CoWIN
- 3.DigiLocker
- 4.DIKSHA
Which of the above are built on top of open-source digital platforms?
Answer & explanation
Answer: (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
All four are parts of India's digital public infrastructure (the 'India Stack') and are built on open-source software that the government offers to other countries: DIKSHA on the Sunbird platform, DigiLocker on an open-source stack, Aarogya Setu's code published on OpenForge and GitHub, and CoWIN's certificates on the open-source DIVOC building block.
- ✓ 1. The National Informatics Centre released Aarogya Setu's source code in 2020; its Android, iOS/KaiOS and backend code is hosted on the government's OpenForge platform.
- ✓ 2. At the CoWIN Global Conclave on 5 July 2021 the Prime Minister announced that the CoWIN platform was being made open source and offered to any country; its certificates use the open-source DIVOC building block.
- ✓ 3. MeitY's India Stack portal states that DigiLocker is developed on an open-source stack whose components can be shared with other countries.
- ✓ 4. DIKSHA, NCERT's national platform for school education, is built on Sunbird, a free and open-source platform.
Remember · India Stack (digital public goods): Aadhaar, UPI, DigiLocker, CoWIN, Aarogya Setu, DIKSHA (built on Sunbird) — open-source, interoperable, offered to other countries.
Sources
- India Stack Global (NeGD, MeitY): DIKSHA ↗ · reference work “DIKSHA is built on free open source platform “SUNBIRD”, ‘Made in India’, and ‘Made for the World’.”
- India Stack Global (NeGD, MeitY): DigiLocker ↗ · reference work “DigiLocker system is developed on an Open Source stack and the components in its entirety or in parts may be made available to other countries for their own implementation of a similar product.”
- India Stack Global (NeGD, MeitY): Aarogya Setu ↗ · reference work “NIC is ready to offer the source code, design and architecture, free of cost.”
- PIB, Prime Minister's Office: PM addresses CoWIN Global Conclave (5 July 2021) ↗ “CoWin platform is being made open source, available to any and all countries: PM”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·