भारत के अंतरिक्ष कार्यक्रम में निजी संस्थाओं की भागीदारी के संबंध में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :
- 1.भारतीय राष्ट्रीय अंतरिक्ष संवर्धन एवं प्राधिकरण केंद्र (IN-SPACe) एक स्वायत्त अभिकरण है जिसकी स्थापना निजी संस्थाओं की भागीदारी को सुकर बनाने के लिए की गई है।
- 2.अग्निकुल कॉसमॉस ने विश्व में पहली बार 3D-प्रिंटेड रॉकेट इंजन का उपयोग करके उड़ान (फ्लाइट) का प्रक्षेपण किया।
- 3.स्काईरूट एयरोस्पेस ने GSLV के लिए तरल ईंधन (Liquid fuel) विकसित किया।
उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सा/कौन-से कथन सही है/हैं ?
Read this question in English
Consider the following statements with regard to involvement of private entities in India’s space programme:
1. The Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) is an autonomous agency formed to facilitate participation of private entities.
2. Agnikul Cosmos launched the world’s first flight using 3D-printed rocket engine.
3. Skyroot Aerospace has developed liquid fuel for GSLV.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only · (b) 2 and 3 only · (c) 1 and 2 only · (d) 1, 2 and 3
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (c) केवल 1 और 2
IN-SPACe is the autonomous single-window agency that authorises and promotes private space activity, and Agnikul's Agnibaan SOrTeD (May 2024) was the first flight with a single-piece 3D-printed engine. Skyroot Aerospace is known for its own Vikram launch vehicles; no official record shows it developing liquid fuel for GSLV, which is an ISRO rocket.
- ✓ 1. IN-SPACe acts as an autonomous single-window agency to authorise and promote space activities by government entities and non-government entities.
- ✓ 2. Agnikul's Agnibaan SOrTeD, launched from Sriharikota on 30 May 2024, was the world's first rocket flight with a single-piece 3D-printed engine.
- ✗ 3. Skyroot Aerospace's own work is the Vikram series of launch vehicles; GSLV is ISRO's vehicle, and we found no official statement that Skyroot developed fuel for it.
Remember · IN-SPACe = single-window regulator and promoter for private space. Agnikul: first flight with a single-piece 3D-printed engine (2024). Skyroot: Vikram rockets, India's first private orbital vehicle.
Sources
- PIB Explainer: A New Era, India Emerging as a Global Space Hub ↗ “The Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) is acting as an autonomous single-window agency to authorise and promote space activities by Government entities and NGEs. … Vikram-1 , developed by Skyroot Aerospace , is India's first privately developed orbital launch vehicle”
- PIB: Agnikul launches World’s First Rocket with Fully 3D Printed Engine (30 May 2024) ↗ “has launched the world’s first rocket with a single piece 3D printed engine from Sriharikota”
Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper I (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·