जलवायु परिवर्तन पर भारत की अनुक्रिया के संदर्भ में निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :
I. भारत की दीर्घकालिक निम्न उत्सर्जन विकास रणनीति (LT-LEDS), वर्ष 2070 तक नेट-जीरो उत्सर्जन को प्राप्त करने के लिए एक निर्णायक साधन है ।
II. दिसंबर, 2024 में प्रस्तुत की गई भारत की चौथी द्विवार्षिक अद्यतन रिपोर्ट (BUR-4) में 2019 की तुलना में 2020 में ग्रीनहाउस गैस उत्सर्जनों में लगभग 8% कमी दर्ज की गई ।
III. जलवायु-अनुकूल (क्लाइमेट-रेज़िलिएन्ट) विकास अनिवार्य रूप से उत्सर्जन न्यूनीकरण लक्ष्यों की त्वरित और अल्प-कालिक उपलब्धि पर निर्भर है ।
उपर्युक्त कथनों के बीच के संबंधों में से निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा/कौन-से सही है/हैं ?
- 1.कथन I, कथन II द्वारा आनुभविक रूप से समर्थित है ।
- 2.कथन III, कथन I में निहित दृष्टिकोण का खंडन करता है ।
- 3.कथन I और कथन III सम्मिलित रूप से दीर्घकालिक स्थिरता (sustainability) की आधारिका (premise) को स्थापित करते हैं ।
नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर उत्तर चुनिए :
Read this question in English
Consider the following statements with reference to India's response to climate change:
I. India's Long-Term Low Emission Development Strategy (LT-LEDS) is a crucial tool for achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.
II. India's 4th Biennial Update Report (BUR-4) submitted in December, 2024 recorded around 8% decrease in Greenhouse gas emissions in 2020 over 2019.
III. Climate-resilient development necessarily depends on quick and short-term achievement of emission reduction targets.
Which of the following relationships among the above statements is/are correct?
1. Statement I is empirically supported by statement II.
2. Statement III contradicts the approach implicit in statement I.
3. Statement I and statement III together establish the premise of long-term sustainability.
Select the answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only · (b) 1 and 2 · (c) 2 and 3 · (d) 3 only
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (b) 1 और 2
India's LT-LEDS (submitted to the UNFCCC in November 2022) lays out a gradual, long-horizon path to net-zero by 2070, and BUR-4 reported that national emissions in 2020 fell 7.93 per cent from 2019, which is data consistent with that path. Statement III's stress on quick, short-term targets runs against the long-term logic of statement I, so the two cannot together form a premise of long-term sustainability.
- ✓ 1. BUR-4 records that total GHG emissions including LULUCF fell by 7.93 per cent in 2020 over 2019, a measured figure that gives empirical backing to the net-zero pathway of statement I (though the 2020 fall was partly due to the pandemic).
- ✓ 2. The LT-LEDS works toward 2070 through low-carbon development 'in accordance with national circumstances', a long-term, phased approach; insisting on quick short-term cuts contradicts it.
- ✗ 3. Because statement III is at odds with statement I, the two cannot jointly establish a premise of long-term sustainability.
Remember · LT-LEDS (Nov 2022, COP27): pathway to net-zero by 2070. BUR-4 (Dec 2024): 2020 emissions 2,437 MtCO2e with LULUCF, down 7.93% from 2019.
Sources
- India's Long-Term Low-Carbon Development Strategy, submitted to the UNFCCC (MoEFCC, 2022) ↗ “India will strive towards net-zero by 2070 through low carbon development in accordance with national circumstances.”
- India: Fourth Biennial Update Report to the UNFCCC (MoEFCC, 2024) ↗ “Total national GHG emissions (including LULUCF) have decreased by 7.93 per cent with respect to 2019 and increased by 98.34 per cent since 1994”
Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper I (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·