निम्नलिखित देशों में से किस एक के पास अपनी उपग्रह मार्गनिर्देशन (नैविगेशन) प्रणाली है?
Read this question in English
Which one of the following countries has its own Satellite Navigation System?
(a) Australia · (b) Canada · (c) Israel · (d) Japan
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (d) जापान
Japan has its own satellite navigation system, the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS, also called Michibiki). It is a regional system that works alongside GPS; the other three countries operate no navigation constellation of their own.
- ✓ (d) QZSS is Japan's own satellite positioning system, run by the Cabinet Office. The UN's navigation committee (ICG) lists Japan as a provider of a regional system, as it lists India for NavIC.
- ✗ (a) Australia takes part in the ICG only as a country with an active navigation-applications programme. It does not run a navigation constellation of its own.
- ✗ (b) Canada does not run its own navigation satellite system, and it is not listed among the ICG's system providers.
- ✗ (c) Israel does not run its own navigation satellite system, and it is not listed among the ICG's system providers.
Remember · Own navigation systems: USA (GPS), Russia (GLONASS), EU (Galileo), China (BeiDou), India (NavIC), Japan (QZSS). Australia, Canada and Israel have none.
Sources
- Overview of the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), Cabinet Office, Government of Japan ↗ · reference work “QZSS is a Japanese satellite positioning system composed mainly of satellites in quasi-zenith orbits (QZO).”
- ICG: Members (UN Office for Outer Space Affairs) ↗ · reference work “Japan (Michibiki Satellite-based Augmentation System (MSAS) and Quasi-Zenith Satellite Space Based Augmentation System (QZSS))”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2023, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·