निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :
- 1.चीन की तुलना में भारत के पास अधिक कृषियोग्य क्षेत्र है।
- 2.चीन की तुलना में भारत में सिंचित क्षेत्र का अनुपात अधिक है।
- 3.चीन की तुलना में भारत की कृषि में प्रति हेक्टेयर औसत उत्पादकता अधिक है।
उपर्युक्त में से कितने कथन सही हैं?
Read this question in English
Consider the following statements:
1. India has more arable area than China.
2. The proportion of irrigated area is more in India as compared to China.
3. The average productivity per hectare in Indian agriculture is higher than that in China.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one · (b) Only two · (c) All three · (d) None
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (a) केवल एक
Only the first statement holds. India's arable land (about 155 million hectares) is second only to the USA's and larger than China's, but China irrigates a bigger share of its cropland and harvests far more per hectare.
- ✓ 1. FAO figures compiled by India's Agriculture Ministry put India's arable land at 155.37 million hectares in 2020, second in the world after the USA, which places it ahead of China.
- ✗ 2. About half of India's net sown area is irrigated and the rest depends on rainfall, while China irrigates a larger share of its smaller cropland.
- ✗ 3. China's yields are much higher: in 2020 its paddy yield was 7,043 kg per hectare against India's 4,138, and its wheat yield 5,742 kg against India's 3,440.
Remember · India: more arable land than China (second only to the USA). China: higher irrigation share of cropland and much higher yields per hectare.
Sources
- Agricultural Statistics at a Glance 2022 (Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare), Table 6.2: India's Position in World Agriculture in 2020 ↗ “Land Area 297.32 13031.20 2.28 Seventh Russian Federation, China, U.S.A.,Canada, Brazil, Australia Arable Land 155.37 1387.17 11.20 Second U.S.A. … 1. Paddy World 163093 769228 4717 100.00 China, mainland 30080 211860 7043 27.54 India 45070 186500 4138 24.25”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2023, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·