कोविड-19 विश्वमहामारी को रोकने के लिए बनाई जा रही वैक्सीनों के प्रसंग में, निम्नलिखित कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :
- 1.भारतीय सीरम संस्थान ने mRNA प्लेटफॉर्म का प्रयोग कर कोविशील्ड नामक कोविड-19 वैक्सीन निर्मित की ।
- 2.स्पुतनिक V वैक्सीन रोगवाहक (वेक्टर) आधारित प्लेटफॉर्म का प्रयोग कर बनाई गई है ।
- 3.कोवैक्सीन एक निष्कृत रोगजनक आधारित वैक्सीन है ।
उपर्युक्त कथनों में कौन-से सही हैं ?
Read this question in English
In the context of vaccines manufactured to prevent COVID-19 pandemic, consider the following statements:
1. The Serum Institute of India produced COVID-19 vaccine named Covishield using mRNA platform.
2. Sputnik V vaccine is manufactured using vector based platform.
3. COVAXIN is an inactivated pathogen based vaccine.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only · (b) 2 and 3 only · (c) 1 and 3 only · (d) 1, 2 and 3
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (b) केवल 2 और 3
Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Sputnik V is a vector vaccine and COVAXIN is a whole-virus inactivated vaccine. Statement 1 is wrong because Covishield, made by the Serum Institute of India, is a viral-vector vaccine (adenovirus carrier), not an mRNA vaccine.
- ✗ 1. Covishield is the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine produced in India by the Serum Institute. It uses a weakened chimpanzee adenovirus as a carrier, so it is a viral-vector vaccine. No mRNA is involved.
- ✓ 2. Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) from Russia's Gamaleya Institute is a combined vector vaccine given in two components.
- ✓ 3. COVAXIN by Bharat Biotech, developed with ICMR-NIV, uses a whole-virion inactivated Vero-cell platform: dead virus that cannot infect but still trains the immune system.
Remember · Covishield and Sputnik V: viral-vector vaccines. COVAXIN: inactivated whole virus. ZyCoV-D: DNA. mRNA is the Pfizer and Moderna type.
Sources
- PIB, Marking the first year of COVID-19 Vaccination (Internet Archive copy) ↗ “The COVISHIELD vaccine contains a weakened strain of a common cold virus (adenovirus) from chimpanzees. … COVAXIN uses an inactivated virus platform, Zycov-D is a DNA vaccine, Covishield a viral vector vaccine”
- PIB, National Regulator grants permission for restricted use in emergency situations to Sputnik-V vaccine (Internet Archive copy) ↗ “import and market Gam-COVID-Vac combined vector vaccine, popularly called Sputnik-V, developed by M/s Gamaleya Institute, Russia”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2022, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·