मध्यकालीन भारत के संदर्भ में, निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा आकार की दृष्टि से आरोही क्रम में सही अनुक्रम है?
Read this question in English
With reference to medieval India, which one of the following is the correct sequence in ascending order in terms of size?
(a) Paragana—Sarkar—Suba · (b) Sarkar—Paragana—Suba · (c) Suba—Sarkar—Paragana · (d) Paragana—Suba—Sarkar
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (a) परगना—सरकार—सूबा
In the Mughal administrative set-up a suba (province) was divided into sarkars (districts), and a sarkar into parganas. So from smallest to largest the order is pargana, sarkar, suba.
- ✓ (a) NCERT's account of the Ain-i-Akbari lists the subas with their divisions (sarkars, parganas and mahals) and describes the sarkars as lying below the suba. The pargana is the smaller unit inside a sarkar, so the ascending order is pargana, sarkar, suba.
- ✗ (c) This is the descending order, from the largest unit (suba) to the smallest (pargana).
- ✗ (b) It puts the sarkar below the pargana, but parganas are the sub-divisions of a sarkar.
Remember · Mughal units, big to small: suba (province) > sarkar (district) > pargana > mahal. Ascending: pargana, sarkar, suba.
📘 Read it in NCERT: Class 12 Themes in Indian History, Part II, Ch 4 (practise this chapter) · Class 12 Themes in Indian History, Part II, Ch 4 (practise this chapter)
Sources
- NCERT Class 12 · Themes in Indian History, Part II, Chapter 4 “the geographic, topographic and economic profile of all subas and their administrative and fiscal divisions (sarkars, parganas and mahals)”
- NCERT Class 12 · Themes in Indian History, Part II, Chapter 4 “After setting out details at the suba level, the Ain goes on to give a detailed picture of the sarkars below the suba.”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2021, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·