निम्नलिखित तीन कथनों, नामतः S1, S2 और S3 पर विचार कीजिए :
S1. जलवायु-परिवर्तन पर पर्यावरणीय निम्नीकरण के प्रभाव को देखते हुए मानव के लिए पर्यावरण का संरक्षण करना एक अस्तित्वपरक अत्यावश्यकता है।
S2. जलवायु-परिवर्तन में मानव-हस्तक्षेप के योगदान की सीमा के संबंध में वैज्ञानिक सर्वसम्मति नहीं हो पाई है।
S3. पर्यावरणीय सक्रियतावाद में जलवायु-संबंधी भय का प्रसार करना (climate alarmism) और अन्य अतिवादी दृष्टिकोण सम्मिलित हैं, जो प्रायः जलवायु-परिवर्तन को नकारने वाले लोगों का केन्द्रबिन्दु बनते हैं।
उपर्युक्त कथनों पर आधारित निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा/कौन-से संबंध सही है/हैं?
- 1.S3, S1 का खंडन (counterpoint) है
- 2.S3, S1 और S2 से असंबद्ध है
- 3.S2, S3 के लिए कारण हो सकता है
नीचे दिए गए कूट का प्रयोग कर उत्तर चुनिए।
Read this question in English
Consider the following three statements, namely S1, S2 and S3:
S1. Protecting the environment is an existential exigency for humans, given the impact of environmental degradation on climate change.
S2. Scientific consensus has not been achieved with regard to the extent of the contribution of human intervention to climate change.
S3. Environmental activism includes climate alarmism and other extremist points of view that often become the focus of climate change deniers.
Which of the following relationships based on the statements given above is/are correct?
1. S3 is a counterpoint to S1
2. S3 is unconnected to S1 and S2
3. S2 could be the reason for S3
Select the answer using the code given below.
(a) 2 and 3 only · (b) 1, 2 and 3 · (c) 1 and 2 only · (d) 3 only
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (d) केवल 3
All three statements belong to the same climate debate, so relationship 2 is false — and every option except (d) contains it. S3 does not argue against S1; it only notes that extreme voices within activism give deniers a target. The open question in S2 about how much humans contribute can explain why both alarmism and denial thrive.
- ✗ 1. S3 does not deny that protecting the environment is vital; it describes extreme views within activism that deniers seize on. That is a comment on the debate, not a counter-argument to S1.
- ✗ 2. S3 is about environmental activism and climate change deniers — the same subject as S1 and S2.
- ✓ 3. The lack of scientific consensus on the human contribution (S2) leaves room for alarmist and extremist positions and for deniers to target them (S3).
Remember · When one relationship is clearly false, strike every option containing it first; often a single option survives.
Question and answer: UPSC's provisional GS Paper II (2026, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·