उपर्युक्त परिच्छेद के सन्दर्भ में, निम्नलिखित पूर्वधारणाएँ बनाई गई हैं :
- I.प्रत्येक देश में खाद्य विनिर्माण और प्रसंस्करण उद्योग को अपने उद्देश्यों और पद्धतियों को समाजों की बदलती हुई आवश्यकताओं के अनुसार उससे संगत रूप में रखना चाहिए ।
- II.समृद्धतर समाज, अपने कृषि उत्पादों के अप्रत्यक्ष उपयोग के कारण खाद्य सामग्रियों की कैलोरियों में भारी हानि उठाने की ओर प्रवृत्त होते हैं ।
उपर्युक्त पूर्वधारणाओं में से कौन-सी वैध है/हैं ?
Read this question in English
With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
I. The food manufacturing and processing industries in every country should align their objectives and processes in accordance with the changing needs of the societies.
II. Wealthier societies tend to incur great loss of calories of food materials due to indirect utilization of their agricultural produce.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) I only · (b) II only · (c) Both I and II · (d) Neither I nor II
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (b) केवल II
The passage links rising wealth to more animal products, and shows that feeding grain to animals loses most of its calories, so II follows. It says nothing about food manufacturing and processing industries, so I is not assumed.
- ✗ I Food manufacturing and processing industries are not discussed at all. This is a prescription from outside the passage.
- ✓ II As societies become wealthier they eat more animal products, so more grain and legumes go to animal feed, and only 16% (chickens) or five to seven per cent (large animals) of those calories come back. That is a large calorie loss through indirect use of farm produce.
Remember · A valid assumption often chains two lines of the passage (wealth → more animal food → calorie loss); advice to new actors is invalid.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2025, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·