निम्नलिखित कथनों में से कौन-सा एक, इस परिच्छेद द्वारा व्यक्त सर्वाधिक युक्तियुक्त और तर्कसंगत निहितार्थ को सर्वोत्तम रूप में प्रतिबिंबित करता है ?
Read this question in English
Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational implication conveyed by the passage?
(a) Arbitrary curbs on vehicles to reduce pollution are difficult to implement. · (b) Knee-jerk reactions cannot solve the problem of pollution but an evidence-based approach will be more effective. · (c) A heavy penalty should be enforced on those driving without periodic pollution tests. · (d) In the absence of laws to deal with the problems of pollution, the administration tends to make arbitrary decisions.
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (b) तुरत-फुरत सूझे तरीके से की गई प्रतिक्रियाओं से प्रदूषण की समस्या हल नहीं हो सकती, बल्कि साक्ष्य-आधारित उपागम अधिक प्रभावशाली होगा।
The author finds drastic, arbitrary measures (odd-even, bans on old vehicles and certain fuels) ineffective and unfair, and closes by asking for scientific, reliable information on pollution sources and on technologies that work. In short: evidence, not knee-jerk action.
- ✗ (a) The passage calls arbitrary bans ineffective, 'not proper' and 'unfair', not difficult to implement.
- ✓ (b) Drastic actions leave 'the air ... not clean', and the author ends with 'What is needed is the scientific and reliable information' — an evidence-based approach.
- ✗ (c) No penalty is proposed; the passage defends vehicles that have passed fitness and pollution tests.
- ✗ (d) The passage never says pollution laws are absent or that this causes arbitrary decisions.
Remember · Read the closing 'what is needed' sentence; the implication usually restates it. Reject options about ease, penalties or laws never discussed.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2023, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·