उपर्युक्त परिच्छेद के आधार पर निम्नलिखित पूर्वधारणाएँ बनाई गई हैं :
- 1.भूमंडलीय तापन बारंबार होने वाली एक प्राकृतिक घटना है ।
- 2.आसन्न भूमंडलीय तापन का छोटे स्तनपायी जंतुओं पर प्रतिकूल प्रभाव नहीं पड़ेगा ।
- 3.पृथ्वी के प्राकृतिक प्रतिस्कंदन में कमी के लिए मनुष्य उत्तरदायी है ।
उपर्युक्त में से कौन-सी पूर्वधारणा/पूर्वधारणाएँ वैध है/हैं ?
Read this question in English
On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made:
1. Global warming is a frequently occurring natural phenomenon.
2. The impending global warming will not adversely affect small mammals.
3. Humans are responsible for the loss of the Earth’s natural resilience.
Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
(a) 1 and 2 only · (b) 3 only · (c) 2 and 3 only · (d) 1, 2 and 3
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (b) केवल 3
Small mammals stayed stable through natural warming 13,000 years ago, but human-made changes since the late nineteenth century cut biomass and energy flow, so ecosystems no longer adapt as easily. That places the loss of resilience on humans. The passage mentions one past warming, not frequent ones, and implies modern ecosystems are more vulnerable.
- ✗ 1. A single period of warming 13,000 years ago does not show that warming is 'frequently occurring'.
- ✗ 2. Modern ecosystems 'are not adapting as easily as they did in the past' — the passage points to greater risk, not safety.
- ✓ 3. 'Human-made changes' caused the drop in biomass and energy flow that weakened ecosystems' ability to adapt.
Remember · One example cannot establish 'frequent'; when a passage contrasts past resilience with present weakness, the cause is what changed in between.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2019, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·