उपर्युक्त परिच्छेद से निम्नलिखित में से कौनसी सर्वाधिक तार्किक पूर्वधारणा प्राप्त की जा सकती है ?
Read this question in English
Which among the following is the most logical assumption that can be made from the above passage?
(a) About 10,000 years ago, the domestication of animals took place in some parts of the world · (b) A permanent change in the food habits of a community can bring about a genetic change in its members · (c) Lactose tolerant people only are capable of getting simple sugars in their bodies · (d) People who are not lactose tolerant cannot digest any dairy product
उत्तर और व्याख्या · explanation in English
Answer: (b) एक समुदाय में खाने की आदतों में स्थायी परिवर्तन, समुदाय के सदस्यों में आनुवंशिक परिवर्तन ला सकता है
Once herders began drinking milk as adults, lactose tolerance evolved among them, while groups not dependent on cattle stayed intolerant. The passage rests on the idea that a lasting change in a community's diet can bring about a genetic change in its members.
- ✗ (a) Cattle domestication 10,000 years ago is stated in the passage — a given fact, not the assumption behind its argument.
- ✓ (b) Lactose tolerance 'evolved' among herders after milk entered their diet; groups 'not dependant on cattle' remain intolerant.
- ✗ (c) Lactase only breaks lactose into simple sugars; nothing says others cannot get simple sugars — 'only' is unsupported.
- ✗ (d) 'Any dairy product' is too extreme; the passage speaks only of digesting milk sugar.
Remember · The best assumption links the passage's cause to its effect; options that repeat a stated fact or add 'only' or 'any' are weaker.
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper II (2016, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·