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Political Theory

Class 11 · Polity

Real UPSC Prelims questions from 2016–2026, linked to this book. Try each one first, then open the answer. 2026 answers follow UPSC's provisional answer key.

Ch 2 · Freedom

Prelims 2019 · Q85

In the context of polity, which one of the following would you accept as the most appropriate definition of liberty?

  1. (a)Protection against the tyranny of political rulers
  2. (b)Absence of restraint
  3. (c)Opportunity to do whatever one likes
  4. (d)Opportunity to develop oneself fully
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (d)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Political Theory, Ch 2 (Freedom).

How to solve it with NCERT: Class 11 Political Theory, ch 2, says no one in society can have a total absence of constraints, which rules out (b) and (c). It describes freedom as the condition in which people can develop their creativity and capabilities. Answer (d).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2019), question 85 ↗

Ch 3 · Equality

Prelims 2017 · Q5

One of the implications of equality in society is the absence of

  1. (a)Privileges
  2. (b)Restraints
  3. (c)Competition
  4. (d)Ideology
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (a)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Political Theory, Ch 3 (Equality).

Political Theory (ch 3): struggles for equality are directed against inequalities of rank, wealth, status or privilege. Equality means the absence of privilege. So (a).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2017), question 5 ↗

Prelims 2022 · Q100

Consider the following:

  1. 1.Carbon monoxide
  2. 2.Nitrogen oxide
  3. 3.Ozone
  4. 4.Sulphur dioxide

Excess of which of the above in the environment is/are cause(s) of acid rain?

  1. (a)1, 2 and 3
  2. (b)2 and 4 only
  3. (c)4 only
  4. (d)1, 3 and 4
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (b)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Political Theory, Ch 3 (Equality).

Class 11 Political Theory, ch 3: emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxide cause acid rain — items 2 and 4. Class 10 Science, ch 2: rain with a pH below 5.6 is called acid rain. Answer (b).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2022), question 100 ↗

Ch 5 · Rights

Prelims 2017 · Q8

Which one of the following statements is correct?

  1. (a)Rights are claims of the State against the citizens.
  2. (b)Rights are privileges which are incorporated in the Constitution of a State.
  3. (c)Rights are claims of the citizens against the State.
  4. (d)Rights are privileges of a few citizens against the many.
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (c)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Political Theory, Ch 5 (Rights).

Political Theory (ch 5): rights are claims that people make upon the state. So (c).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2017), question 8 ↗

Prelims 2017 · Q47

In the context of India, which one of the following is the correct relationship between Rights and Duties?

  1. (a)Rights are correlative with Duties.
  2. (b)Rights are personal and hence independent of society and Duties.
  3. (c)Rights, not Duties, are important for the advancement of the personality of the citizen.
  4. (d)Duties, not Rights, are important for the stability of the State.
Show answer

UPSC's answer: (a)

NCERT answers it: Class 11 Political Theory, Ch 5 (Rights).

Political Theory (ch 5): rights put obligations not only on the state but also on each of us. Rights and duties go together. So (a).

Hindi version: UPSC's official question paper (2017), question 47 ↗

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