Consider the following statements:
- I.Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) to create a 'future ready' railway system by 2028.
- II.'Kavach' is an Automatic Train Protection system developed in collaboration with Germany.
- III.'Kavach' system consists of RFID tags fitted on track in station section.
Which of the statements given above are not correct?
Answer & explanation
Answer: (a) I and II only
Statements I and II are wrong, so they are the ones that are not correct. The National Rail Plan aims at a 'future ready' system by 2030, not 2028, and Kavach is an indigenously developed system, not one built with Germany. Only Statement III, about RFID tags on the track, is correct.
- ✗ I Indian Railways' National Rail Plan is titled 'for India – 2030' and targets a future-ready railway system by 2030, not 2028.
- ✗ II Kavach is described by the Ministry of Railways as an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection system; it was not developed in collaboration with Germany.
- ✓ III Kavach uses RFID tags laid along the track, including station sections, so the train's exact position can be tracked. This statement is correct, so it is not part of the answer.
Remember · National Rail Plan: future-ready railway system by 2030. Kavach: indigenous Automatic Train Protection system using track-side RFID tags.
Sources
- National Rail Plan (NRP) for India – 2030, Ministry of Railways, PIB (11 Feb 2022) ↗ “Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) for India – 2030. The Plan is to create a ‘future ready’ Railway system by 2030.”
- Deployment of ‘kavach’ system in railways, Ministry of Railways, PIB (27 Nov 2024) ↗ “Kavach is an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system.”
- Kavach: The Shield of Safety, Ministry of Railways, PIB (10 Dec 2024) ↗ “Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags are placed throughout the entire track length to enable the Kavach system to track train positions and detect any potential safety issues along the route.”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2025, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·