The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 was enacted in consonance with which of the following provisions of the Constitution of India?
- 1.Right to healthy environment, construed as a part of Right to life under Article 21.
- 2.Provision of grants for raising the level of administration in the Scheduled Areas for the welfare of Scheduled Tribes under Article 275(1).
- 3.Powers and functions of Gram Sabha as mentioned under Article 243(A).
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Answer & explanation
Answer: (a) 1 only
The preamble of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 itself says the right to a healthy environment has been construed as part of the right to life under Article 21. It does not mention Article 275(1) (grants for Scheduled Areas) or Article 243A (Gram Sabha), which concern unrelated subjects.
- ✓ 1. The Act's preamble records that, in judicial pronouncements in India, the right to a healthy environment has been construed as a part of the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution. This is the constitutional basis the Act itself invokes.
- ✗ 2. Article 275(1) deals with grants-in-aid from the Union to States, including for tribal welfare schemes and for raising the level of administration in Scheduled Areas. It has no link to environmental adjudication and is not cited in the NGT Act.
- ✗ 3. Article 243A provides that a Gram Sabha may exercise powers and functions at the village level as the State Legislature provides by law. The NGT Act does not rest on it. Among constitutional provisions, the Act's preamble cites only Article 21.
Remember · The NGT Act, 2010 preamble cites the Stockholm (1972) and Rio (1992) conferences and Article 21, the right to a healthy environment as part of the right to life.
Sources
- National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 (Act 19 of 2010), Gazette of India text, hosted by FAO FAOLEX ↗ “in the judicial pronouncement in India, the right to healthy environment has been construed as a part of the right to life under article 21 of the Constitution”
Question: UPSC Civil Services (Preliminary) 2012, General Studies Paper I. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 25 Oct 2026 (how we verify). ·
