Consider the following pairs:
| International agreement/set-up | Subject | |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Alma-Ata Declaration | Healthcare of the people |
| 2. | Hague Convention | Biological and chemical weapons |
| 3. | Talanoa Dialogue | Global climate change |
| 4. | Under2 Coalition | Child rights |
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Answer & explanation
Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only
The 1978 Alma-Ata Declaration made primary health care the route to 'Health for All', and the Talanoa Dialogue was the 2018 UN climate process to take stock of Paris Agreement ambition. Biological weapons are banned by the Biological Weapons Convention, not a 'Hague Convention', and the Under2 Coalition is a climate pact of state, regional and city governments, not a child-rights body.
- ✓ 1. The Alma-Ata Declaration came out of the 1978 international conference on primary health care and treats health as a fundamental human right.
- ✗ 2. Biological weapons are prohibited by the Biological Weapons Convention, opened for signature in 1972 and negotiated in Geneva; chemical weapons are covered by the separate Chemical Weapons Convention. Neither is known as the Hague Convention.
- ✓ 3. The Talanoa Dialogue, launched under Fiji's COP23 presidency, invited countries and other stakeholders to ask 'Where are we? Where do we want to go? How do we get there?' on climate action under the Paris Agreement.
- ✗ 4. The Under2 Coalition is a group of state, regional and city governments that pledged to cut greenhouse gas emissions to limit warming; it has nothing to do with child rights.
Remember · Alma-Ata (1978): primary health care, Health for All. Talanoa Dialogue (COP23, Fiji): climate stocktake. Under2 Coalition: subnational governments' climate pact (2015). BWC 1972 bans biological weapons.
Sources
- WHO, Declaration of Alma-Ata ↗ “The Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978 emerged as a major milestone of the twentieth century in the field of public health, and it identified primary health care as the key to the attainment of the goal of Health for All.”
- UNODA, Biological Weapons Convention ↗ · reference work “It opened for signature on 10 April 1972 and entered into force on 26 March 1975. The BWC supplements the 1925 Geneva Protocol, which had prohibited only the use of biological weapons.”
- United Nations, UNFCCC media alert: UN opens Talanoa Dialogue portal (26 January 2018) ↗ “an important international conversation in which countries will check progress and seek to increase global ambition to meet the goals of the Paris Climate Change Agreement.”
- UNFCCC (hosting the Under2 Coalition press release at COP22, Marrakech, 14 November 2016) ↗ “The Under2 Coalition, the collective governments who have signed or endorsed the Under2 MOU, was formed in 2015 by the states of California and Baden-Württemberg, Germany to mobilize – and galvanize – bold climate action from likeminded city, state and regional governments around the globe.”
Question and answer: UPSC's official GS Paper I (2020, Series A) — paper ↗ · answer key ↗. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 30 Sept 2026 (how we verify). ·