Which of the following is/are among the Fundamental Duties of citizens laid down in the Indian…

Answer: (c) 1, 3 and 4 only

Article 51A lists the Fundamental Duties. These include preserving our composite culture, developing scientific temper and the spirit of inquiry, and striving towards excellence. No duty there concerns protecting weaker sections from social injustice. That is a State obligation under the Directive Principles. So 1, 3 and 4 are correct.

• ✓ 1. Clause (f) of Article 51A asks every citizen to value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
• ✗ 2. No clause of Article 51A mentions protecting weaker sections from social injustice. Under Article 46 of the Directive Principles, the State must protect weaker sections from social injustice. It is not a citizen's duty.
• ✓ 3. Clause (h) of Article 51A asks citizens to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
• ✓ 4. Clause (j) of Article 51A asks citizens to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.

Remember · Article 51A (Part IVA, added by the 42nd Amendment) lists the Fundamental Duties. Protecting weaker sections from social injustice is a State duty under Article 46 (DPSP), not a Fundamental Duty.

📘 Read it in NCERT: Class 11 Indian Constitution at Work

Question: UPSC Civil Services (Preliminary) 2012, General Studies paper. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 25 Oct 2026 (how we verify). · Report an error