The Ghadr (Ghadar) was a

Answer: (a) revolutionary association of Indians with headquarters at San Francisco

The Ghadar (Hindustan Ghadar) Party was a revolutionary association founded in 1913 by Indian migrants in North America to fight for India's independence. It operated from Yugantar Ashram at 436 Hill Street, San Francisco. Only option (a) fits.

• ✓ (a) Indian migrants in North America, including Lala Har Dayal and Sohan Singh Bhakna, founded the party in 1913 to overthrow British rule by revolution. It started its operations from 436 Hill Street, San Francisco, known as Yugantar Ashram.
• ✗ (b) The Ghadar Party was not based in Singapore. Singapore is linked with the 1915 mutiny of Indian soldiers there, which Ghadar propaganda influenced, but the party's base was San Francisco.
• ✗ (c) Berlin was home to the Berlin Committee (Indian Independence Committee), which cooperated with the Ghadarites during the First World War. Berlin was not the Ghadar Party's headquarters.
• ✗ (d) The Ghadar Party was not a communist movement based at Tashkent. It was founded in 1913, years before the émigré Communist Party of India was formed at Tashkent in 1920.

Remember · Ghadar Party: founded 1913 by Indian migrants in North America (Har Dayal, Sohan Singh Bhakna). Headquarters: Yugantar Ashram, 436 Hill Street, San Francisco. Paper: Hindustan Ghadar.

📘 Read it in NCERT: Class 8 Exploring Society: India and Beyond (Part 2), Ch 2 (practise this chapter)

Question: UPSC Civil Services (Preliminary) 2014, General Studies paper. Explanation: Minimalist IAS, checked 25 Oct 2026 (how we verify). · Report an error